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The recipient of this year's Nobel Prize for Literature was announced today.
今天，諾貝爾文學家得主揭曉。
He is Wole Soyinka, a fifty-two-year-old Nigerian playwright and an author.
獲獎者是渥雷·索因卡，今年52歲的他是一名劇作家和作家。
Soyinka's best known work in this country is probably Ake, his childhood memoir.
索因卡在國內最聞名的當屬《阿凱的童年》。
Soyinka is the first African and the first black to win the distinguished prize for literature.
索因卡是獲此殊榮的第一位非洲人，也是第一位黑人。
And he was in Paris today when he heard the news. Melodie Walker reports.
今天他聽聞消息后趕赴了巴黎。下面請聽沃克發回的報道。
Wole Soyinka is in Paris to attend a meeting of International Theatre Institute,
渥雷·索因卡今天現身巴黎，在聯合國教科文組織總部的
a non-governmental organization at UNESCO headquarters.
非政府機構國際戲劇協會參會。
Appearing somewhat annoyed by the crowd of reporters who cornered him in a lounge at UNESCO,
他神情看起來頗有慍色，因為一大群記者將他在聯合國教科文組織的休息室里團團圍住。
the Nigerian writer confessed that he wasn't really prepared for the onslaught of instant Nobel prize fame.
這位尼日利亞作家坦言，自己并未做好準備面對與諾獎隨之而來的這般猛烈攻擊。
I am not really enjoying it, honestly. It's ... I had no psychological preparation. You know, I'm just into it like that, you know.
說實話，我并不享受這種感覺。怎么說呢，我沒做好心理準備。你們懂的，我只是很喜歡文學而已。
If I'd had some notice and I'd been able to, you know, prepare myself,
如果我之前曾留心過此事，并能做一定的準備的話就好了，
you know, like an athlete going into combat, into competition perhaps, but this was rather sudden.
就像運動員在比賽前會做準備那樣。但這一切太突然了。
You know, really, really sudden, totally unexpected.
真的非常突然，完全意想不到。
Soyinka says he accepted the news of the Nobel Prize for Literature with the deep sense of honor, but not for himself alone.
索因卡表示，自己獲此殊榮，深感榮耀，但這份榮耀并不只屬于自己。
He says the award goes beyond his individual work and honors all African writers.
他說，這個獎超越了他個人的作品，是給所有非洲作家的榮耀。
I don't believe in literally prizes. And therefore when I view the literary prize,
我并不看重獎項本身。因此，在獲得文學獎時，
I tend to see the prize in a much larger context than the individual writer, because how do you judge works of literature?
我傾向于將獎項放在更大環境下去看，而不拘泥于作家本人，這是由我們判定文學作品的方式決定的。
How do you compare works of literature from different cultures? It's an almost impossible task.
我們會怎樣將不同文化的文學作品做比較呢？這是不可能的。
So certain contradictions must go into the choice of somebody to receive an award of this kind.
因為有了特定的矛盾，所以要從某個文化中選出一人來代表這種文化。
And that, those contradictions must go outside of the person himself. It has to do with the context.
這種矛盾必須要放眼到個人之外去看，這與大環境有關。
Without any compromise in literary qualities, I do not believe that I'm considered a bad writer; that's why I've been given this prize.
由于文學的特質是不會有絲毫中和的，所以我認為在大家眼中我只是個不那么差的作家而已；所以我才獲此殊榮。
No, don't misunderstand me. But I'm saying that it's more than
不過，請大家不要誤解我的意思。我是想說，獲此殊榮的人并不只是
just being an acceptable writer who gives some kind of literary pleasure to discerning, sophisticated people.
一個尚可被讀者接受的作家，也不只要能創作出文學作品來討有判斷能力和經驗的讀者歡心。
It goes beyond that. It has to do with the significance of this occasional symbolic event.
并不只是這樣就夠了，還與標志性事件的重要性有關。
And it is very much a symbolic event. It's for all the African writers,
必須是標志性的事件。這是對所有非洲作家而言的標志性事件，
for even the third would, for even the universal literature,
對不是非洲人也稱得上是標志性事件，甚至對整個文學界具有標志意義的事件。
because it opens the universe to the literature not merely of the recipient of the prize,
因為這樣的作品可以將整個世界在文學中得以體現，這并不只是獲獎者的世界，
but of the society from which his literature comes.
也是其作品所來源社會的展現。
It opens, then, certain nuggets, literary and artistic nuggets which they have taken for granted,
這樣的作品展示出了寶貴的內涵，這種內涵既有文學意義，也有藝術意義，但之前卻沒有受到重視，
which they have relegated to the exotica. So it's a symbolic prize, and I view it as such ...
但作家卻能將他們展現為新奇事物。所以這樣才是有標志意義的獎項，這是我眼中的諾貝爾文學獎。
Wole Soyinka writes poetry, plays and novels in his native Yoruba and in English.
渥雷·索因卡不僅寫詩，還寫劇本和小說，這些作品都是用約魯巴語和英語寫的。
He studied theatre in England in the 1950s after attending Leeds University.
上世紀50年代，他在英格蘭研究了戲劇，在那之前還在利茲大學上過學。
Then he returned to Nigeria in 1960 to form a highly successful and popular theatre group.
1960年，他回到尼日利亞，組建了非常成功又有知名度的戲劇團體。
His works, including political satire sketches, have been translated into many languages and performed all over the world.
他的作品里不乏政治諷刺類作品，已經被翻譯成多種語言，在全球廣為流傳。
Soyinka says he is a writer for the theatre above all else,
索因卡表示，自己首先是一位作家，
and he feels perfectly comfortable writing in both his native tribal language as well as in English.
無論用本族語還是英語創作，他都心感舒適。
In the history of the world, there have been many writers,
世界史上曾出現過許多作家，
in fact, who ended up writing in a language which is not their first language.
他們的作品都不是自己的第一語言。
I think it's possible to evaluate the angst which goes with this kind of imposition, which becomes almost second nature.
我覺得是可以評估這種焦慮感的，即被迫用第二語言創作的焦慮感，就像是第二種身份一樣。
But I think if one examines the question of translation ... and African,
但如果可以考慮到翻譯的存在，
the works of African writers have been translated into all languages,
非洲作家的作品可以譯為各種語言
the works of Chinow Tado, like mine, have been translated into Japanese, Arabic,
千野忠男的作品跟我的一樣，被翻譯成日語、阿拉伯語、
Russian, Bulgarian, and of course, African languages as well, then the problem becomes much smaller.
俄語、保加利亞語、當然也有非洲的語言，這樣的話，問題就小多了。
Soyinka was reluctant to talk about his work amid the microphones, clicking cameras and glaring TV lights.
索因卡不愿在簇擁的話筒、閃爍的照相機和電視機鏡頭面前談論自己的作品。
With a smile, he criticized reporters for preventing him from attending his UNESCO meeting today,
他微笑著抱怨記者耽誤他參加今天的聯合國教科文組織會議了，
and said he hoped to return to Nigeria as soon as possible where he can have some peace and quiet and time to write.
并表示自己希望盡快回到尼日利亞，這樣可以在平和和安靜之中慢慢創作。
For National Public Radio, this is Melodie Walker in Paris.
這里是國家公共電臺的沃克為您從巴黎發回的報道。
