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You know that feeling.
你知道那種感覺。
All of a sudden, you hear your jam, and whether you're in the club or your living room or a grocery store,
你突然聽到了音樂，不管是在俱樂部、還是在客廳，亦或是在雜貨店，
you get that urge to just....Start to do the move!
你都沖動得想要動起來！
Well, while your moves probably aren't quite as awesome as mine, that's okay.
雖然你的動作可能不如我的酷，但沒關系。
They're totally unique to you.
它們對你來說是獨一無二的。
And weirdly enough, that means that people can actually learn a lot about you just from watching you boogie down,
奇怪的是，這意味著人們從你的搖擺中可以了解你的很多信息，
and you can learn about them, too.
你也可以了解他們。
Dancing is one of the oldest forms of cultural expression and every studied culture around the world does it.
舞蹈是最古老的文化表達形式之一，世界上每個研究文化的人都研究它。
It might be so ubiquitous because our brains just seem to like it, especially when we're doing it with someone else.
它可能非常普遍，因為我們的大腦似乎很喜歡它，我們和別人一起共舞時更是如此。
Studies have shown that dancing with a partner makes us happier, for example,
例如，研究表明，和舞伴一起跳舞會讓我們更快樂，
and that regular dancing can slow age-related cognitive declines.
經常舞蹈能減緩與年齡有關的認知能力下降。
Plus, old people dancing is adorable.
而且，老年人跳舞也很可愛。
But it turns out dancing doesn't just improve our happiness or health.
但事實證明，跳舞不僅能改善我們的幸福或健康。
It also tells us a lot about other people.
它還能告訴我們很多其他人的信息。
It's a part of what psychologists call social cognition,
這是心理學家所說的社會認知的一部分，
which is basically how we make sense of information about other people and social situations.
社會認知主要是指我們如何理解他人和社會狀況的信息。
And it includes things like the intel we gain from reading facial expressions
它的內容還包括我們從閱讀面部表情
or tracking what other people are looking at.
或者追蹤別人正在看的事物中獲得的信息。
These subtle signals can help us avoid danger, get along with others, or take cues from their behavior.
這些微妙的信號可以幫助我們避免危險、與他人相處，或者從他們的行為中獲取線索。
And scientists have found that we can glean a lot just by watching someone dance.
科學家們已經發現，我們能從別人的舞蹈中收集很多信息。
Kids can accurately interpret emotions from dance by age four or five, for example,
例如，四五歲的孩子能準確理解舞蹈表達的情感，
and can also depict a requested emotion by, say, making their teddy bear dance.
他們也可以通過讓泰迪熊跳舞來描述其被要求的情緒。
And adults can figure out emotions just from point-light displays.
成年人僅僅通過點光源表演就能辨別情緒。
You know, like those videos where LEDs are attached to someone's joints in the dark
比如這些視頻，黑暗中連接到某些接頭的LED燈
and it all seems like random dots of light…
看起來像是隨意分布的光點……
but then something kind of snaps into place and you realize it's somebody cycling or walking.
但隨后又有東西出現在此，你會意識到這是有人在騎車或走路。
Well studies have found that we can tell emotions just by looking at those while someone dances.
研究發現，我們可以通過觀察人們跳舞來判斷其情緒。
But reading emotions is just the tip of the iceberg or the toe of the point shoe?
但我們只能找到情緒嗎，還是跳舞能傳達更多信息？
Studies suggest dancing might also relay key information about potential mates.
研究表明，跳舞也可能傳遞潛在伴侶的關鍵信息。
For example, a 2015 study involving 75 men and 84 women found that
例如，2015年一項涉及75名男性和84名女性的研究發現，
the women's judgments of men dancing correlated with the guys' grip strength.
女性對男性舞蹈的判斷與男性的握力有關。
The men, however, weren't able to pick out the stronger women based on how good their dancing was,
然而，男性卻不能根據她們的舞蹈好壞來挑選更強壯的女性，
suggesting that men and women extract different intel from the quality of their potential partner's dance moves.
這表明，男性與女性從他們潛在伴侶的舞蹈動作質量中提取不同信息。
In case you were wondering, this quote-unquote "good dancing" is quantifiable,
你可能會好奇，這個所謂的“好舞蹈”竟可以量化，
at least when it comes to what specific groups of people generally find attractive.
至少在涉及特定人群的吸引力時可以量化。
A 2010 European study found that men were rated as good dancers
2010年，歐洲的一項研究發現，男性是否被評為優秀舞者
depending on how much and how variably they moved their neck and torso and also on how fast they moved their right knee.
取決于他們移動脖子和軀體的程度以及靈活度，也取決于他們右膝的移動速度。
But not the left one, weirdly enough. So just get that… boy going!
但奇怪的是，左膝不管用。所以，讓那個男孩走吧！
And a similar 2017 study found that good dancing in women
2017年的一項類似研究發現，擅長跳舞的女性
involved big hip movements and moving their right and left limbs independently of one other.
都有大幅度的臀部動作和左右肢體的獨立動作。
So get one up here and on up there.
所以這里動起來，那里動起來。
Why these movements were deemed attractive isn't clear,
這些動作為什么被認為有吸引力還不清楚，
and it's possible that the definition of "good dancing" differs culturally or changes over time.
“好舞蹈”的定義可能因文化不同或時間變遷而變化。
But it's still likely that the hottest dance moves seem so attractive because of the information they convey.
但最熱門的舞蹈動作似乎因它們傳達的信息依然吸引人。
And that includes things that aren't physical.
這些信息不只是身體方面的。
You can get an idea of who a person is from the way they twerk as well.
你可以從一個人的電臀舞來判斷他是誰。
A 2011 study of 50 men and 60 women found that
2011年一項針對50名男性和60名女性的研究發現，
the women could detect risk-taking in men based on how good their dancing was, for example.
例如，女性可以根據男性的舞蹈水平來判斷他們的冒險程度。
Risk-taking is associated with good health and vigor and having lots of testosterone,
冒險與健康活力以及大量的睪丸激素有關，
so it could potentially signal a good mate.
所以它可能是一個好伴侶的信號。
And a 2009 study found that there was a correlation between the way people danced and the 'Big Five' personality traits,
2009年的一項研究發現，人們的跳舞方式和“五大”人格特質存在關聯，
which are part of a popular model of personality that puts everyone on a sliding scale for each of five overarching traits.
“五大”人格特質是流行人格的一部分，后者讓每個人在五個首要性格特征中都有一個可伸縮的尺度。
There were only 20 participants, so it was a pretty small study.
它的參與者只有20人，所以這是一個很小的研究。
But, when researchers recorded and tracked the spontaneous dance moves
但是，當研究人員記錄和追蹤
that the participants did to twelve measures of bluesy music,
參與者跟隨十二小節布魯斯音樂做得自發舞蹈動作時，
they did find correlations between how they moved and how they scored on a personality assessment.
發現他們的動作方式的確與其性格評估得分有關。
Those who scored high on neuroticism were more likely to have jerky movements,
那些神經質得分高的人更有可能動作不穩定，
while those who scored high on openness and agreeableness tended to have smoother ones.
而那些在開放性與宜人性方面得分較高的人往往動作更流暢。
And extraversion and conscientiousness were both related to faster movement.
外向性和盡責性都與動作快有關。
So all you need to do to figure somebody out is be like, "Hey, show me your moves!", right?
所以你要確定某人的性格需要做的就是，“嘿，讓我看看你的動作！”，對吧？
Because that won't be weird at all. Well, here's some good news!
因為這一點兒都不奇怪。這里有一些好消息！
You don't necessarily have to watch them dance, just dance a lot yourself.
你不一定要看他們跳舞，你可以自己多跳些舞。
Studies have found that people with a lot of dance experience are better at reading other people.
研究發現，有很多舞蹈經驗的人更擅長理解別人的動作。
And that may be because physically and mentally challenging activities can shape your brain.
這可能是因為身體和心理上的挑戰活動可以塑造你的大腦。
A whole variety of different kinds of movement and gaming activities,
各種各樣的運動和游戲活動，
from sports to video games to chess, have actually been shown to improve cognitive skills, including social cognition.
從運動到電子游戲再到國際象棋，都被證明可以提高認知能力，包括社會認知能力
For example, studies have found people with more experience dancing are better at making sense of other people's dancing.
例如，研究發現，舞蹈經驗豐富的人更善于理解別人的舞蹈。
That may be because dance causes more activity in brain regions involved in mirroring for them,
這可能是因為舞蹈會導致鏡像它們的大腦區域活動更頻繁，
which means that the parts of their brain involved in actually dancing really light up when they watch other people dance.
也就是說，當他們觀看別人跳舞時，自己大腦中與跳舞有關的區域就會活躍起來。
This kind of neural mirroring is thought to be a big part of accurately interpreting social signals.
這種神經鏡像被認為是準確解讀社會信號的重要組成部分。
And in a 2017 study of 61 people who like to dance to hip hop,
2017年，對61個喜歡跳嘻哈舞的人的研究表明，
the more hip hop dancing experience they had,
他們跳得嘻哈舞越多，
the better they were at assessing the emotional state of people's faces in photos.
就越擅長評估照片中人們的情緒狀態。
From that, the researchers concluded that dancing made them better at social cognition tasks
研究人員由此得出結論，跳舞使他們在社會認知任務中表現得更好，
even when those tasks weren't related to dancing.
即使這些任務與舞蹈無關。
So maybe Meghan Trainor is onto something.
所以也許梅根·特瑞娜有點兒想法。
Because whether you dance like yo daddy, move like yo momma, or just do what you wanna,
因為你不管是像你爸爸一樣跳舞，還是像你媽媽一樣運動，或者只是做你想做的動作，
psychologists think dancing not only tells others about you, it might help you tell you more about them.
心理學家都認為，跳舞不僅能讓別人了解你，還能讓你更了解他們。
And that's helpful whether you're looking for a dance partner or interviewing for the job you've always wanted.
你無論是在找舞伴還是面試一直想要的工作，這都很有幫助。
So get out there, because science telling you to bust that move!
所以，走出去，因為科學告訴你要行動起來！
Thanks for watching this episode of SciShow Psych!
感謝您收看本期的心理科學秀！
If learning this kind of awesome information
如果你想知道
about how your brain works makes you want to break into song and dance,
“你的大腦如何運作讓你想要開始唱歌和跳舞”，
you might want to click that little subscribe button,
你可能會想點擊訂閱按鈕，
so YouTube will let you know every time we post an episode. Thanks.
我們每更新一期，Youtube都會通知你。感謝您的收看。
