Part 1：選詞填空真題第一套

選詞填空是英語四級考試閱讀中的題型之一，主要考查對上下文的理解以及對詞匯應用能力。選詞填空的篇幅在250~300詞左右，要求考生從給出15個的單詞中，選出10個填到文中的空格處。

題型介紹

As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them again. During 26 exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products.
好像你還需要其他理由痛恨健身館似的，現在證明鍛煉不僅使肌肉感到疲勞，還會讓眼睛困倦。但是不用害怕，因為咖啡能使它們重新恢復活力。在 (26) 劇烈運動時，隨著能量耗盡、廢物積累，我們的肌肉會感到疲勞。
Muscle performance can also be affected by a 27 called "central fatigue," in which an imbalance in the body's chemical messengers prevents the central nervous system from directing muscle movements 28 . It was not known, however, whether central fatigue might also affect motor systems not directly 29 in the exercise itself, such as those that move the eyes.
肌肉的性能也受被稱之為“中央疲倦” (27) 現象的影響，即身體中傳遞化學物質的信使不均衡，導致中央神經系統不能 (28) 有效地指導肌肉運動。但是，之前人們并不知道中央疲倦是否可能影響未直接 (29) 參與鍛煉的運動肌肉系統，例如那些使眼睛活動的肌肉。
To find out, researchers gave 11 volunteer cyclists a carbohydrate (碳水化合物的) 30 either with a moderate dose of caffeine (咖啡因), which is known to stimulate the central nervous system, or as a placebo (安慰劑) without, during 3 hours of 31 . After exercising, the scientists tested the cyclists with eye-tracking cameras to see how well their brains could still 32 their visual system.
為了查明這一點，在3小時的 (31) 騎行中，研究人員給11名自行車手志愿者一支碳水化合物 (30) 溶劑，有的含有適量的咖啡因，能夠刺激中央神經系統；有的是作為安慰劑，不含咖啡因。在鍛煉后，科學家用追蹤眼動的攝像機檢測這些車手，以發現他們的大腦對視覺系統 (32) 控制如何。
The team found that exercise reduced the speed of rapid eye movements by about 8%, 33 their ability to capture new visual information. The caffeine, the equivalent of two strong cups of coffee, was 34 to reverse this effect, with some cyclists even displaying 35 eye movement speeds. So it might be a good idea to get someone else to drive you home after that marathon.
研究團隊發現，鍛煉大約降低了快速眼動速度的8%，從而 (33) 妨礙了眼睛捕捉新的視覺信息的能力。溶劑中的咖啡因相當于兩杯濃咖啡，(34) 足以扭轉這一影響，有的自行車手眼動速度甚至 (35) 加快了。因此，跑完馬拉松后，找人開車送你回家也許是個好主意。

A) cautiously B) commit C) control D) cycling E) effectively F) increased G) involved H) limited I) phenomenon J) preventing K) sensitive L) slowing M) solution N) sufficient O) vigorous

考題詞選項 15選10

解題步驟 1

1. 開篇句仔細閱讀三遍，把握篇章主題
As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes.
好像你還需要其他理由痛恨健身館似的，現在證明鍛煉不僅使肌肉感到疲勞，還會讓眼睛困倦。

解題步驟 2

2. 將15個選項詞按名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞分類。
名詞：
C) control 控制
D) cycling 騎自行車
I) phenomenon 現象
M) solution 溶劑，解決方法
動詞：
B) commit 犯（罪），致力于
C) control 控制；
F) increased 增加；
G) involved 涉及，包含
H) limited 限制；
J) preventing 妨礙，阻止
L) slowing 減緩
形容詞：
F) increased 增加的
G) involved 參與的，卷入的
H) limited 有限的
K) sensitive 敏感的，善解人意的
N) sufficient 充分的
O) vigorous 強有力的，強健的
副詞：
A) cautiously 謹慎地；
E) effectively 有效地，事實上

解題步驟 3

3. 保八大法 技巧（一）形容詞要看其前后
During 26 exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products.
在 (26) 劇烈運動時，隨著能量耗盡、廢物積累，我們的肌肉會感到疲勞。
【思路】：exercise 為名詞，名詞前只能填形容詞。按句意理解，形容詞分項的Vigorous 有力的，劇烈為最適宜句意的選項。

解題步驟 4

4. 保八大法 技巧（二）名詞之后填分詞
Muscle performance can also be affected by a 27 called "central fatigue," in which an imbalance in the body's chemical messengers prevents the central nervous system from directing muscle movements 28 .
肌肉的性能也受被稱之為“中央疲倦” (27) 現象的影響，即身體中傳遞化學物質的信使不均衡，導致中央神經系統不能 (28) 有效地指導肌肉運動。
【思路】：a 冠詞后一般接名詞，同時called為分詞，按技巧二，名詞后接分詞，同時按句意分析，名詞組中“ I) phenomenon 現象”最為準確。