評論
打印
Moreover, when updating impressions based on people's behaviors,
再者，當別人的行為刷新了印象，
activity in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex
腹內側前額葉皮層的活動
and the superior temporal sulcus correlates with perceptions of how frequently those behaviors occur in daily life.
以及顳上溝告訴我們這些行為在日常生活中是否頻繁。
In other words, the brain seems to be tracking low-level, statistical properties of behavior
換言之，大腦似乎在進行低水平的行為統計
in order to make complex decisions regarding other people's character.
以此來做出關于別人品行如何的復雜的決定。
It needs to decide is this person's behavior typical or is it out of the ordinary?
大腦需要判斷這個人的行為是十分典型還是與眾不同。
In the situation with the obnoxious-football-fan-turned-good-samaritan, your brain says,
在這個煩人的球迷變成好人的情境下，你的大腦告訴你
Well, in my experience, pretty much anyone would lend someone their umbrella,
依據往常經驗，通常大部分人都會為別人遮雨，
but the way this guy acted at the football game, that was unusual.
但這家伙在球賽時的舉動可不多見。
And so, you decide to go with your first impression.
所以，你決定遵從自己的第一印象。
There's a good moral in this data: your brain, and by extension you, might care more about the very negative,
這個信息里存在良好的道德：你的大腦，或者說你本人也許更關注別人做出的負面的、
immoral things another person has done compared to the very positive, moral things,
不道德的事而不是積極的、有道德的事，
but it's a direct result of the comparative rarity of those bad behaviors.
但這是那些罕見的壞行為帶來的直接結果。
We're more used to people being basically good, like taking time to help a stranger in need.
我們習慣上認為人大體上是好的，樂于花時間幫助別人。
In this context, bad might be stronger than good, but only because good is more plentiful.
在這樣的背景下，壞影響就遠多于好的，但這只是因為好事更常見。
Think about the last time you judged someone based on their behavior,
回想一下你上次根據一個人的所作所為來評價一個人，
especially a time when you really feel like you changed your mind about someone.
尤其是在你真的想要改變對某人的看法時。
Was the behavior that caused you to update your impression something you'd expect anyone to do,
那個引發你改變對方印象的行為，是每個人都會做的事，
or was it something totally out of the ordinary?
還是不同尋常的事？
