評論
打印
Imagine you're at a football game when this obnoxious guy sits next to you.
想象你在一場足球賽中，這個討厭鬼坐在你的旁邊。
He's loud, he spills his drink on you, and he makes fun of your team.
他大吵大叫，把飲料濺到你身上，并且還嘲笑你支持的足球隊。
Days later, you're walking in the park when suddenly it starts to pour rain.
幾天之后，當你正在公園散步，突然下起大雨。
Who should show up at your side to offer you an umbrella?
此時誰會出現(xiàn)在你身邊為你遮雨？
The same guy from the football game.
恰巧就是足球賽上你旁邊的那個人。
Do you change your mind about him based on this second encounter,
此時你對他的看法會因為第二次相遇而改變，
or do you go with your first impression and write him off?
還是會堅持對他的第一印象繼續(xù)討厭他？
Research in social psychology suggests that we're quick to form lasting impressions of others based on their behaviors.
社會心理學專家認為我們會基于別人的行為作出永久的印象評價。
We manage to do this with little effort, inferring stable character traits from a single behavior,
我們?yōu)榇藷o需付出太多努力，通過單一的行為作出對他人穩(wěn)定性格的判斷。
like a harsh word or a clumsy step.
比如一句傷人的話，或者笨拙的步伐。
Using our impressions as guides, we can accurately predict how people are going to behave in the future.
憑借主觀印象，我們能準確預測他人將會發(fā)生的行為。
Armed with the knowledge the guy from the football game was a jerk the first time you met him,
由于把足球賽中第一次遇見的那個人定義為混蛋，
you might expect more of the same down the road.
你可能會預想他會做出更多混蛋事。
If so, you might choose to avoid him the next time you see him.
如果是這樣，下次遇見的時候你可能會選擇躲著他。
That said, we can change our impressions in light of new information.
基于這樣的理論，通過新的信息我們可以改變自己的刻板印象。
Behavioral researchers have identified consistent patterns that seem to guide this process of impression updating.
行為研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)了引導印象更新過程的固定模式。
On one hand, learning very negative, highly immoral information about someone
一方面，對一個人的負面評價所帶來的影響
typically has a stronger impact than learning very positive, highly moral information.
要高于對一個人的正面評價所帶來的影響。
