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In 1560, Ivan's beloved wife Anastasia Romanovna passed away.
1560年伊凡深愛的妻子安塔西亞去世。
Ivan convinced himself that the Boyars had poisoned her just like they had poisoned his mother.
伊凡自己認(rèn)為是波雅爾毒死了她，就像他們毒死了他的母親一樣。
Ivan began to torture and execute the Boyars.
伊凡開始折磨并處死波雅爾人。
Even some of his own closest advisors came under suspicion.
甚至他自己最近的親信都遭受懷疑。
In the early winter of 1565, Ivan crossed the line into madness.
1565年早冬，伊凡最終瘋了。
He suddenly left Moscow and announced that he was abdicating or giving up the throne.
他突然離開莫斯科，宣布退位。
Since the masses wanted Ivan to remain as Tsar, and the Boyars were afraid to get in the way,
因?yàn)槊癖娺€是希望伊凡繼續(xù)做沙皇，波雅爾害怕成為障礙，
Ivan agreed that he would continue to be Tsar provided that he, Ivan, could reform the Russian state as he pleased.
伊凡同意繼續(xù)做沙皇，條件是他可以隨心對俄國進(jìn)行改革。
Ivan's instrument of reform was Russia's first secret police organization, the Oprichniks.
伊凡的改革工具就是俄羅斯第一個(gè)秘密警察機(jī)構(gòu)——奧普里奇尼克斯。
Recruited from Ivan's followers and other hardened criminals,
這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的人從伊凡的隨從和其他冷酷的罪犯挑選出來的，
The Oprichniks roamed Russia on horseback, wearing black robes, carrying their unique emblems, a broom and the head of a dead dog.
這些秘密警察騎著馬巡視，身穿黑色長袍，佩戴特有的徽章一把掃帚和死狗的狗頭。
Any disloyalty to Ivan, real or imagined, was punished by death.
只要對伊凡不忠，無論是真還是假都要處死。
