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In 1242, Alexander drove off an invasion by the Germanic Teutonic Knights.
1242年，亞歷山大挫敗了日耳曼條頓騎士團的侵略。
For all of his bravery though Alexander also knew which fights not to pick.
盡管亞歷山大很勇敢，他也知道不去惹那支軍團。
He would not be drawn into war with the Mongols because he thought Russ was too weak and too divided.
他不想卷入對蒙古的戰爭，他認為俄羅斯太弱太分散了。
For his wisdom he was awarded the Yarlik in 1252.
因為他的智慧，1252年，他被授予Yarlik稱號。
Having the Yarlik allowed Alexander to call himself Grand Prince of Vladimir.
有了Yarlik稱號，亞歷山大被允許稱呼自己為弗拉基米爾大公。
It also enabled the town of Vladimir to remain comparatively untouched by the Mongol Occupation.
也使得弗拉基米爾城保持相對完好，免于蒙古的占領。
As it turned out Alexander Nye ski was right.
最后亞歷山大涅夫斯基是正確的。
Thanks to the practice of appanage Russ was in fact too weak to rise against the Mongols.
由于實行封地制度，以至于俄羅斯實力大為削弱而難以東山再起對抗蒙古。
Simply put appanage means that a principality is passed from father to eldest son.
簡單說來封地就是公國由父親傳給長子。
Which with each of the other sons given appanage curved out of the principality.
而其他的兒子的封地也來自這個公國。
Usually a less important town with its surrounding area.
通常是不那么重要的城鎮以及旁邊的地區。
Each of these appanage Princes naturally took themselves very seriously.
每個封地王公都會認真對待。
Passed his land onto his eldest son and curved out new appanages for his younger son.
把土地傳給長子，把新的封地給小點的兒子。
One result of appanage was a crazy quilt as you can see from this year map of appanage Princes who could barely pay for their own upkeep.
封地的結果就是你可以在地圖上看到拼湊的封地，這些王公基本無法維持他們在生活上的開銷。
