The Minnesota Twin study, one of the most famous studies in the field of psychology,
明尼蘇達(dá)州的雙胞胎研究一個(gè)在心理學(xué)領(lǐng)域非常有名的研究
Was done by Lykken and Tellegen, two prominent psychologists. And what they did was they wanted to understand
是兩個(gè)杰出的心理學(xué)家Lykken和Tellegen做的這個(gè)研究是關(guān)于
How much do genes matter. How much is it about nature versus nurture?
基因的重要性與教育相比 它對(duì)性格的影響多大?
So how do you test that? You look at identical twins,
要如何測(cè)試呢?同卵雙胞胎
Monozygotic twins who share the same genetic profile. And you look at those who are reared apart.
他們擁有相同的基因譜研究那些被分開撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大的同卵雙胞胎
Because if they are reared by the same parents, one could argue, Well they came out very similar because same environment:
因?yàn)槿绻麄冇上嗤母改笓狃B(yǎng) 人們會(huì)說 他們這么相似 是因?yàn)橛型瑯拥某砷L(zhǎng)環(huán)境
They look the same; they go to the same schools; same parents, and so on.
他們外表一模一樣 上一樣的學(xué)校有同樣的父母 等等
But what if you are able to find identical twins who were separated at birth,
如果你能找到 出生時(shí)就分開了的同卵雙胞胎
And reared in radically different environments. Well you could.
在完全不同的環(huán)境里長(zhǎng)大現(xiàn)實(shí)中能找到這種人
And they found significant number of those, reared in, sometimes different continents.
學(xué)者發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多這樣的人有時(shí)甚至在不同的洲長(zhǎng)大
And they studied them. And what they found remarkably
他們對(duì)這些雙胞胎進(jìn)行了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)明顯的現(xiàn)象
Was significant similarities among these twins, sometimes to the points of unbelievable.
這些雙胞胎極其相似有時(shí)相似之處非常驚人
Like one set of twins I think they found the wives with the same name.
像有一組雙胞胎他們?nèi)⒘嗣窒嗤钠拮?/p>