賓語從句是名詞性從句的一種。在主從復合句中充當賓語,位于及物動詞、介詞或復合謂語之后的從句稱為賓語從句。賓語從句分為三類:動詞的賓語從句、介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句。
1. 動詞引導的賓語從句
(1)大多數動詞都可以帶賓語從句。動詞可以接單個賓語,也可以接雙賓語。例如:
We all expect that they will win, for members of their team are stronger.
我們都預料他們會贏,因為他們的隊員更強壯。
He told us that they would help us through the whole work.
他告訴我們在整個工作中,他們都會幫忙的。
(2)難點:可用形式賓語it代替的賓語從句。動詞find, feel, consider, make, believe等后面有賓語補足語的時候,則需要用it做形式賓語而將that賓語從句后置。例如:
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.
我認為每天多喝開水是有必要的。
I feel it a pity that I haven't been to the get-together.
我沒去聚會,感覺非常遺憾。
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.
我每天寫日記成了習慣。
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter.
我們都認為對這件事馬上做出決定很重要。
(3)有些動詞帶賓語從句時需要在賓語與從句前加it。這類動詞主要有:hate, take, owe, have, see to(確保)。例如:
I hate it when they say with their mouths full of food.
我討厭他們滿嘴食物時說話。
He will have it that our plan is really practical.
他會認為我們的計劃確實可行。
We take it that you will agree with us.
我們認為你會同意我們的。
When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.
開啟發動機時,一定要使汽車的離合器處于空擋位置。
2. 介詞引導的賓語從句
介詞about引導賓語從句。英語中常見由動詞+介詞搭配組成動詞短語,如talk about, look up等,其后可直接掛賓語。例如:
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我們正在討論是否讓學生加入我們的俱樂部。