評論
打印
is due to reduction in response to infectious agents because 25D is rate-limiting
是因為25D有限導致對病原反應的減少
And one of the speakers this morning commented
今天早上有位發言者
that it was known by the old-time pediatricians that principle cause of death in kids records was in fact respiratory infection
說從前兒科醫生都知道小孩死亡的主要原因是呼吸道感染
So this is not so much a new observation
所以，這并不是什么新觀測
It's a fact that we just had failed to connect the dots recently
只是到最近才把事情聯系起來
And the greater TB susceptibility of blacks is probably due to their low vitamin D status
黑人更高的結核病易感性，某種程度上同低維生素D相關
You have to do a lot of head scratch yourself to try to make sense out of all this
研究中要多抓抓腦袋把問題搞明白
We've known for many, many years that all cells contain all of the information need to make a human being
我們已經知道很多很多年，所有細胞都包含構造人體的所有信息
and it wasn't entirely clear why
不過為什么這樣，還沒完全弄明白
Well we know that epithelial cells had to reproduce themselves
我們知道，上皮細胞能夠自行繁殖
You cut your skin, you gotta grow new cells over the top of that Intestine mucosa turns over every 4 or 5 days
皮劃破了，其上會生出新的腸粘膜，四五天一個周期
you're constantly making new cells
總在繁殖出新細胞
So it made sense to you
這很重要
You need to have the instructions to make a new cell in the nucleus and that seemed to make sense
細胞核內需要對繁殖新細胞發出指令，這說得通
and that's kind of where we left it; that was the old model
這是原來的老式模型
but the cell biologist have realized that that's not really an accurate way of looking at it
不過細胞生物學界開始意識到這樣看問題并不完全準確
It turns out that ourselves are specialized primarily in the extent to which certain genes are kept and can't be expressed any more
我們體內的一些細胞已經特化到特定基因無法被表達的地步
So that a muscle cell doesn't express the genes that a white blood cell might express or a memory ductal cell might express
比如肌肉細胞無法表達白細胞等其它細胞表達的基因
And that's what the specialization means
這就是特化的含義
