聽力原文:
Code to ruin?
寫個編碼把自己毀掉嗎？
The rights and wrongs of Apple’s fight with the FBI
蘋果和FBI這場爭斗中的對與錯
CITIZENS have a right to both security and privacy. The difficulties arise when these two rights are in conflict, as they now are in the battle between the world’s most valuable company and its most famous law-enforcement agency. Apple has refused to comply with a court order to help the FBI unlock an iPhone used by Syed Farook, one of the terrorists involved in the San Bernardino shootings in December. The company says the government’s request fundamentally compromises the privacy of its users; the feds say that Apple’s defiance jeopardises the safety of Americans (see article).
重點詞匯：
1 arise 發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)
2 law-enforcement agency 執(zhí)法機構(gòu)
3 FBI n. (F-)<美，非正>（美國）聯(lián)邦政府執(zhí)法官員，（尤指）聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局調(diào)查員
4 Jeopardises 危及，損害
5 defiance 蔑視; 挑戰(zhàn); 反抗;
6 compromises 使（自己）聲譽受損;違背(信念)

注：據(jù)英國《每日郵報》12月3日報道，美國加州圣貝納迪諾市（San Bernardino）槍擊事件的槍手兇手賽義德·法魯克（Syed Farook）與妻子塔什芬妮·馬利克（Tashfeen Malik）的作案動機日前曝光：此前他們曾與一名猶太同事就宗教問題發(fā)生激烈爭吵，后者在槍擊事件中被這對夫婦用槍射殺。在槍擊事件發(fā)生后，法魯克與馬利克與警方進行槍戰(zhàn)，雙雙被警方擊斃。
聽力原文:
Some frame the stand-off in terms of the rule of law: Apple cannot pick and choose which rules it will obey, they say. That is both true and beside the point. The firm has the right to appeal against a court order; if it eventually loses the legal battle, it will have to comply. The real question is whether Apple’s substantive arguments are right. That hinges on two issues.
重點詞匯：
1 frame to express sth. in a particular way （以某種方式）表達
2 stand-off 僵持局面
3 in terms of 談及；就…而言；在…方面
4 pick and choose挑三揀四，挑肥揀瘦
5 beside the point.無關(guān)緊要的，不重要的。
6 appeal (against sth.) 上訴，申訴
7 eventually 最后；終于
8 substantive 本質(zhì)上的;重大的;實質(zhì)性的
9 hinge on 有賴于；取決于
聽力原文:
The first is whether the FBI’s request sets a precedent. The law-enforcers say not. This is not an attempt to build a generic flaw in Apple’s encryption, through which government can walk as needed. It is a request to unlock a specific device, akin to wiretapping a single phone line. The phone belonged to a government department, not Farook. Apple and other tech firms regularly co-operate with the authorities on criminal cases; this is no different. Yet Apple is being asked to do something new: to write a piece of software that does not currently exist in order to sidestep an iPhone feature that erases data after ten unsuccessful password attempts. Later models of the iPhone than the one Farook used are harder to compromise in this way. But if the court’s ruling is upheld, it signals that companies can be compelled by the state to write new operating instructions for their devices. That breaks new ground.
重點詞匯：
1 Precedent 前例；先例
2 generic 一般的；普通的；通用的
3 flaw 瑕疵;缺陷
4 encryption 加密
5 akin to 類似于
6 wiretapping 搭線竊聽(電話)
7 sidestep 回避，規(guī)避(問題等)
8 compel 強迫；迫使；使必須
9 upheld 支持，贊成
聽力原文:
The second issue is whether that precedent is justified. And that entails a judgment on whether security would be enhanced or weakened by Apple’s compliance. In the short term, the answer is that security will be enhanced. Farook was a terrorist; his phone is the only one being unlocked; and the device might give up the identity of other malefactors. But in the longer term, things are much fuzzier.
重點詞匯：
1 entail 講過 使…必然發(fā)生;勢必造成；使…成為必需
2 compliance 遵守;服從;聽從（合規(guī)）
3 malefactor 罪犯;壞人 4fuzzy 糊涂的；含混不清的 security 公共安全
聽力原文:
Security does not just mean protecting people from terrorism, but also warding off the threat of rogue espionage agencies, cybercriminals and enemy governments. If Apple writes a new piece of software that could circumvent its password systems on one phone, that software could fall into the hands of hackers and be modified to unlock other devices. If the capability to unlock iPhones exists, so will the temptation for the authorities to use it repeatedly. And if tech firms are forced to comply with this sort of request in America, it is harder for anyone to argue against similar demands from more repressive governments, such as China’s. This newspaper has long argued against cryptographic backdoors and skeleton keys on these grounds. It is possible to imagine a scenario that might override such concerns: if information is needed to avert a specific and imminent threat to many lives, for example. But in this instance, Apple’s case is the stronger.
重點詞匯：

1 ward off 防止，避免，使防止（危險、疾病、攻擊等）
2 rogue adj.不尋常的，破壞性的none 無賴；搗蛋鬼 ,騙子；惡棍；流氓
3 espionage 間諜行為;諜報活動
4 circumvent 規(guī)避，逃避(規(guī)則或限制)
5 repressive (政府)壓制的，專制的，高壓的
6 cryptographic 關(guān)于暗號的，用密碼寫的;
7 skeleton key萬能鑰匙 skeleton 骨骼;骸骨;(員工)最基本的，基干的;輪廓;框架;構(gòu)架;梗概
8 override 推翻
9 avert 防止，避免（危險、壞事）
10 imminent 即將發(fā)生的；臨近的
聽力原文:
Core arguments This battle presages others. If the courts rule against Apple, it will work to make its devices so secure that they cannot be overridden by any updates. In that event (or, indeed, if the tech firm wins the Farook case), legislators will be tempted to mandate backdoor access via the statute book. If Tim Cook, Apple’s boss, is not to hasten the outcome he wishes to avoid, he must lay out the safeguards that would have persuaded the firm to accede to the FBI’s request. Tech firms are at the centre of a vital policy debate。Apple has rejected the authorities’ solution. Now it must propose its own.
重點詞匯：

1 presages 預(yù)兆警示
2 mandate 強制執(zhí)行；委托辦理
3 state book 法典；法令全書；法規(guī)匯編
4 hasten促進；使加快
5 lay out 鋪開；擺開；展開
6 safeguards 全設(shè)施；保護措施
7 accede 同意
8 vital 必要的;至關(guān)重要的;必不可少的

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