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美國學生歷史 第54期:獨立(3)

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162.Greene's Later Campaigns.

162.格林的后期戰役
At Hobkirk's Hill, near Camden, the British soldiers who had been left behind by Cornwallis attacked Greene. But he beat them off and began the siege of a fort on the frontier of South Carolina. The British then marched up from Charleston, and Greene had to fall back. Then the British marched back to Charleston and abandoned the interior of South Carolina to the Americans. There was only one more battle in the South-at Eutaw Springs. Greene was defeated there, too, but the British abandoned the rest of the Carolinas and Georgia with the exception of Savannah and Charleston. In these wonderful campaigns with a few good soldiers Greene had forced the British from the Southern states. He had lost every battle. He had won every campaign.
在卡姆登附近的蒿波克克山,被康沃利斯留下斷后的英軍士兵向格林的部隊發起攻擊,但格林部隊擊潰了他們,并開始包圍南卡羅萊納前沿的一個堡壘。后來,英軍從查理斯頓北上,格林不得不后撤,接著,英軍回到查理斯頓并將南卡羅萊納的腹地丟給美軍。在南方還有一次戰爭--尤陶斯普林斯之戰;格林再次戰敗,但是,英軍放棄了卡羅萊納和佐治亞的其余地區。(塞文娜和查理斯頓除外)在這些精彩的戰役中,格林用很少的士兵迫擊來自南部各州的英軍,他每次戰斗都失敗,但是他贏得了每一次戰役的勝利。
163.Cornwallis in Virginia, 1781.
163.康沃利斯在弗吉尼亞(1781年)
There were already two small armies in Virginia,-the British under Arnold, the Americans under Lafayette. Cornwallis now marched northward from Wilmington and added the troops in Virginia to his own force; Arnold he sent to New York. Cornwallis then set out to capture Lafayette and his men. Together they marched from salt water across Virginia to the mountains-and then they marched back to salt water again. Cornwallis had called Lafayette "the boy" and had declared that "the boy should not escape him." Finally Cornwallis fortified Yorktown, and Lafayette settled down at Williamsburg. And there they still were in September, 1781.
在弗吉尼亞已經有兩支小部隊,一支是阿諾德領導的英軍,一支是拉斐特領導的美軍。此時,康沃利斯指揮部隊從威名頓向北進發,他收編了弗吉尼亞的英軍,將阿諾德派往紐約。隨后,康沃利斯指揮部隊去奪取拉斐特和他的部隊。拉斐特的部隊從橫穿弗吉尼亞的鹽水河運動到山區,隨后又返回到鹽水河??滴掷沟牟筷牼o追不舍??滴掷拱牙程亟凶?quot;壞小子",并揚言"一定會抓住他",而最終結果是,康沃利斯在約克鎮修筑堡壘,而拉斐特則駐軍威廉斯堡,并且,到1781年9月他們彼此仍然是這個樣子。
164.Plans of the Allies.
164.聯盟計劃
In 1780 the French government had sent over a strong army under Rochambeau. It was landed at Newport. It remained there a year to protect the vessels in which it had come from France from capture by a stronger British fleet that had at once appeared off the mouth of the harbor. Another French fleet and another French army were in the West Indies. In the summer of 1781 it became possible to unite all these French forces, and with the Americans to strike a crushing blow at the British. Just at this moment Cornwallis shut himself up in Yorktown, and it was determined to besiege him there.
1780年法國政府派出洛克漢姆率領的一支強大軍隊在新港登陸,這支軍隊在新港駐守一年,其任務是保護從法國運送他們到美國的那些軍艦,在新港入口處不遠曾經突然出現過一支更加強大的英國艦隊。另一支法國艦隊和另一支法國陸軍在西印度群島作戰,1781年夏,出現了將所有這些法國軍隊聯合起來的可能性,也出現了將這些與美軍聯合起來給英軍以毀滅性攻擊的可能。恰恰此時康沃利斯在約克郡休整,他們決定去約克郡包圍康沃利斯。

重點單詞   查看全部解釋    
frontier ['frʌntjə]

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n. 邊界,邊境,尖端,邊緣

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capture ['kæptʃə]

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vt. 捕獲,俘獲,奪取,占領,迷住,(用照片等)留存<

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besiege [bi'si:dʒ]

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vt. 圍攻,包圍

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harbor ['hɑ:bə]

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n. 海港,避難所
vt. 庇護,心懷,窩藏<

 
settled ['setld]

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adj. 固定的;穩定的 v. 解決;定居(settle

 
escape [is'keip]

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v. 逃跑,逃脫,避開
n. 逃跑,逃脫,(逃

 
beat [bi:t]

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v. 打敗,戰勝,打,敲打,跳動
n. 敲打,

 
exception [ik'sepʃən]

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n. 除外,例外,[律]異議,反對

 
determined [di'tə:mind]

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adj. 堅毅的,下定決心的

 
strike [straik]

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n. 罷工,打擊,毆打
v. 打,撞,罷工,劃

 
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