How did this affect you?
這對你有何影響?
I didn’t know that I was adopted until I was twelve years old.
12歲以前我并不知道自己是被收養的。
I don’t attribute very much of my personality to my adoption.
也并不認為被收養的經歷影響了我的性格。
I attribute an awful lot to my relationship with my father,who was a Russian immigrant.
我認為這與我跟父親的關系有關,他是一個俄羅斯移民。
He came here and was very,very poor.
他來到這里的時候非常非常窮。
He dearly loved this country as only an immigrant can, loved our government as only an immigrant can.
他深愛這個國家,深愛這個政府,這是一個移民者能做到的全部。
He was a bomber pilot in World War II. He really had the philosophy of “my country,right or wrong.”
他曾在二戰時作過轟炸機飛行員。他堅信“不管對錯,這都是我 的國家”的哲理。
He never questioned the government’s policies, never questioned authority, and he didn’t want me to question authority.
他從不質疑政府的政策,從不質疑權威,也不希望我質疑權威。
I had some teachers when I was very young that I thought were telling me things that weren't true.
小的時候,我認為一些教師告訴我的事不是真的。
When I tried to ask questions,they basically wanted me to parrot back what they said.
當我想提問時,他們基本上都是要求我記住他們的話。
They really weren’t interested in a discourse with a child, or a debate with a child.
根本不愿意與小孩講道理或辯論。
They said this was true, and “You are smart if you can repeat back to me exactly what I said to you.”
他們說這是真的:“如果你能跟我重復我跟你講過的話,你就很聰明。”
I had a real problem with that as well. I had very strong authoritari an figures, both in school and at home, which served as wonderful examples of how not to be.
這對我來說也是個問題。無論是在學校還是家里,都有我并不認同的非常權威的人。
Was there anybody who was supportive?
有沒有人是你支持的?
Oh sure, my Mom was supportive, and I had a mixture of teachers.
哦,肯定有,我的媽媽。并且老師也不一樣
Some of the teachers were wonderful, and some of the teachers were awful, but the awful teachers served a good purpose by being a bad example.
有一些老師很好,但也有一些很糟糕。但是這些糟糕的老師做了很好的反面典型。
All examples are good. Bad examples are useful; good examples are useful.
所有的例子都是好的。壞的例子是有用的,好的例子也是有用的。
It taught me to question experts, to question authority figures.
它教我質疑專家,質疑權威人物。
Don’t assume they’re right just because they’re in authority, or just because they’re experts.
不能僅僅因為他們是權威或專家就認為他們是對的。