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Ivy League
常春藤聯盟
Ivy League is the name generally applied to eight institutions of higher learning- Brown，Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Pennsylvania, Princeton, and Yale University.
常春藤聯盟通常是指美國東部八所高校一布朗大學、哥倫比亞大學、康奈爾大學、達特茅斯學院、哈佛大學、賓夕法尼亞大學、普林斯頓大學和耶魯大學。
The Ivies are all in the Northeast geographic region of the United States.
"常春藤 盟校"成員均位于美國東北部，
All eight schools receive millions of dollars in research grants and other subsidies from federal and state government.
均從聯邦政府和州政府方面獲得上千萬的研究經費和津貼。
Seven of the eight schools were founded during America's colonial period;
8所學校中的7所是在美國殖民時期建立的，
the exception is Cornell which was founded in 1865.
只有康奈爾大學例外，成立于1865年。
Ivy League institutions, therefore, count for seven of the nine Colonial Colleges chartered before the American Revolution.
因此，美國獨立戰爭之前建立的9所殖民地大學中，常春藤盟校就占了 7所。
Stanley Woodward, New York Herald Tribune sports writer, coined the phrase in 1937.
《紐約先驅論壇報》體育新聞記者斯坦利·伍德沃德先生于1937年創造了此名詞。
In 1936，the undergraduate newspapers of these universities simultaneously ran an editorial advocating the formation of an "Ivy League"，
1936年，八所高校的本科生報紙同時刊登了一篇社論，表示要成立常春藤聯盟，
but the first move toward this end was not taken until 1945.
但這個建議直到1945年才被采納。
In that year, the eight presidents entered into an agreement
1945年，八所學校的校長達成共識：
"for the purpose of reaffirming their intention of continuing intercollegiate football in such a way as to maintain the values of the game, while keeping it in fitting proportion to the main purposes of academic life."
"希望通過這種方式，重申繼續校際橄攬球交流的目的，以維系比賽的價值; 同時，在以學術為主要目的大學生活中，體育比賽所占比例要把握得當。"
To achieve this objective, two inter-university committees were appointed: one, made up primarily of the college deans, was to administer rules of eligibility; the other, composed of the athletic directors，was to establish policies on the length of the playing season and of preseason practice, operating budgets, and related matters. Two other interuniversity committees on admission and financial aid were added later.
為了實現這個目標，成立了兩 個校際委員會:一個主要由校長組成，負責監督資格管理規章制度；另一個由體育方面的董事組成，負責出臺賽季和賽前練習的長度、經營預算以及其他相關事宜。后來， 又增加了人學錄取和財政援助方面的校際委員會。
