評論
打印
He had really only one flaw and that was an inability to calculate the correct age of the Earth. The question occupied much of the second half of his career, but he never came anywhere near getting it right. His first effort, in 1862 for an article in a popular magazine called Macmillan's, suggested that the Earth was 98 million years old, but cautiously allowed that the figure could be as low as 20 million years or as high as 400 million. With remarkable prudence he acknowledged that his calculations could be wrong if "sources now unknown to us are prepared in the great storehouse of creation"—but it was clear that he thought that unlikely.
他實際上只有一個瑕疵，那就是沒能計算出地球的年齡。這個問題占去了他后半生的許多時間，但他從來沒有得出個比較正確的數字。1862年，在為一本名叫《麥克米倫》的通俗雜志寫的一篇文章里，他第一次提出地球的年齡是9800萬年，但謹慎地認為這個數字最小可為2000萬年，最大可達4億年。他還小心翼翼地承認，他的計算可能是錯的，要是"造物主的大倉庫里備有我們目前沒有掌握的資料"的話--但是，他顯然認為那是不可能的。
With the passage of time Kelvin would become more forthright in his assertions and less correct. He continually revised his estimates downward, from a maximum of 400 million years, to 100 million years, to 50 million years, and finally, in 1897, to a mere 24 million years.
隨著時間的過去，開爾文的結論變得越來越確切，越來越不正確。他不停地把自己的估計數字往下降，從最大的4億年降到1億年，然后又降到5000萬年，最后在1897年降到了僅僅2400萬年。
Kelvin wasn't being willful. It was simply that there was nothing in physics that could explain how a body the size of the Sun could burn continuously for more than a few tens of millions of years at most without exhausting its fuel. Therefore it followed that the Sun and its planets were relatively, but inescapably, youthful.
開爾文并不是在隨心所欲，只是因為物理學無法解釋為什么像太陽這么個龐然大物可以連續燃燒幾千萬年以上，而又耗不盡其燃料。因此，他就想當然地認為，太陽及其行星必然相對年輕。
The problem was that nearly all the fossil evidence contradicted this, and suddenly in the nineteenth century there was a lot of fossil evidence.
問題在于，幾乎所有的化石都證明和這個結論相矛盾。而突然之間，19世紀發現了大量的化石。
