評論
打印
According to the FDA there is no apparent evidence
根據FDA報告顯示，沒有明確證據表明
that Aspartame is a carcinogen or DNA damaging chemical.
阿斯巴甜是一種致癌或者損害DNA的化學物質
A carcinogen is a chemical that can cause direct damage to DNA or promote increased cell replication.
致癌物是一種能直接對DNA造成損傷或能夠促進細胞復制的化學物質
Animal studies showed no risk of cancer even at high doses of Aspartame.
動物實驗表明，即便是高劑量的阿斯巴甜也不會增加患癌幾率
DNA assay tests did not show any DNA damage effects of Aspartame.
DNA分析實驗并未顯示，阿斯巴甜能夠損害DNA，
Through the mass media Aspartame has been claimed to cause brain tumours.
盡管輿論認為阿斯巴甜能導致腦腫瘤
This association was made because the rate of brain tumours simultaneously increased
人們之所以這樣認為是因為腦腫瘤患病幾率開始增加的時候，
when Aspartame was introduced into the market.
正是阿斯巴甜引入市場之時
For any chemical to cause a health effect such as a tumour
對于任何一種化學物質而言，
it would have to act on the body for a significant amount of time,
要造成腫瘤等健康問題都需要長期作用于身體
therefore Aspartame would not instantly cause brain tumours
因此阿斯巴甜不會立即造成腦腫瘤，
and research has shown that it is not even associated with brain tumours after long term exposure.
研究表明，即便是長時間接觸阿斯巴甜也不會造成腦瘤
Aspartame was also claimed to be associated with an increase in the rate of breast cancer.
人們還認為阿斯巴甜會增加罹患乳腺癌的可能性
This is now considered not feasible
但這其實也是不可信的
because the rate of breast cancer increased before the introduction of Aspartame into the food system.
因為乳腺癌的患病幾率在阿斯巴甜進入市場之前就已開始上升
Also the rate of breast cancer has been declining in the last few years.
除此之外，在過去的幾年中乳腺癌的發病率已經有所下降
In a study by Limm et al the consumption of
在萊姆等人進行的研究中
Aspartame containing beverages and incidents of types of brain cancer were analyzed.
研究人員分析了攝入含阿斯巴甜的飲品和腦瘤患病率之間的關系
Questionnaires were used to evaluate the final 470000 participants' nutritional intake.
研究人員里利用調查問卷來評估47萬參與者的營養攝入
This included a food frequency questionnaire two 24 hour recalls
其中包括一張進食頻率問卷24小時內兩次電話回訪，
and a survey to evaluate possible consumption of Aspartame containing beverages.
以及一項研究來評估人們可能攝入的含有阿斯巴甜的飲品
The rate of brain cancer was analyzed through the cancer registries of the 8 states the participants were from.
腦瘤的發病率由調查參與者來自的八個州的癌癥檢驗機構負責分析和檢驗
The general categories of cancer studies were hemopoitic and gliomas.
一般的癌癥研究包括血細胞生成和神經膠質瘤檢查
These are the results from the analyses between the risk of the two types of brain cancer
這就是關于兩種腦癌的發病率
and the intake of aspartame through beverages these intakes include data from both men and women.
和通過飲料攝取阿斯巴甜之間的關系研究的數據樣本，包括男性樣本和女性樣本
The relative risk of men represents the reference value.
而男性患病的幾率起到參照作用
The reference value of one represents no risk of cancer from Aspartame.
一個樣本的參照價值代表其由于攝入阿斯巴甜而患癌的風險為零
Overall the relative risks of each intake level did not show an increased risk for either hemopoitic or gliomas.
總體來說，每個等級的攝入量都不會增加造血細胞和神經膠質瘤的患病幾率
This means the relative risk values did not vary enough
這就意味著相對風險值的區分不夠大，
to conclude that Aspartame was clearly associated with brain cancer.
不足以表明阿斯巴甜與腦癌之間有明顯的關系，
It said the differences are probably due to chance.
而這些差異可能是由巧合造成的
