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Now lets move on to discuss the association between sugars and cancers and the research behind them.
下面我們來繼續討論糖和癌癥之間的關系，以及一些相關研究
The western diet that features food that are energy dense
西方飲食以能量豐富的食物為主，
meaning that calories from these foods are from saturated fat, sugars,
也就意味著這些食物中的卡路里來源于飽和脂肪和糖
other fine carbohydrates and have a high proportion of animal proteins.
以及其他精糖類，并且含有豐富的動物性蛋白質，
Most of the processed foods we purchase are considered energy dense
我們購買的大部分精加工食品都含有大量的能量
because they are filled with fat and sugars and limited nutrients such as vitamins and minerals.
因為富含脂肪和糖，但是維生素和礦物質等營養含量卻極低
Some processed foods within the western diet also have a higher glycemic index score.
一些西方飲食中的精加工食品也有非常高的甘油指數
Because they cause a sharp increase in blood sugar levels, then a sharp decrease.
因為它們能夠導致血糖的驟增，然后驟減
These foods play a part in the increase in obesity
這些食物都會增加西方人患肥胖的幾率
and body fatness in the western world and also increasing the rate of type II diabetes.
同時也增加罹患二型糖尿病的幾率
These health problems have been associated with an increased risk in several types of cancer.
而這些健康疾病與多種癌癥的發病率也息息相關
Foods with a high glycemic index score are associated with insulin resistance
甘油指數極高的食品與胰島素抵抗有關，
which is associated with hyper glycemia and hyper insulemia.
會引起甘油含量過高和胰島素含量過高
Hyper glycemia is to have high circulating blood sugar levels.
甘油含量過高會引起血液中的血糖含量上升
And hyper insulemia is to have high circulating insulin levels.
而胰島素含量過高則會引起胰島素偏高
High circulating insulin levels have been associated with an increased risk of colo-rectal,
過高的循環胰島素水平與結腸，直腸癌，
pancreatic and endometrial cancer.
胰腺癌以及子宮癌都有很大關系
Insulin is a hormone that responds to the consumption of carbohydrates
胰島素是一種荷爾蒙，它能夠幫助碳水化合物的吸收，
and communicates with body tissues on when to absorb the carbohydrates.
并且幫助協調身體組織吸收碳水化合物
The severe blockage of this communication channel,
而一旦胰島素和身體組織溝通的通道被阻礙，
also called insulin resistance is called type II diabetes mellitus.
人就會罹患胰島素抗拒，也就是二型糖尿病
Type II diabetes is associated with an increase in pancreas, endometrial, colon, liver and kidney cancer.
二型糖尿病與胰腺癌，子宮癌，肺癌和腎癌都有密切關系
High sucrose or sugar consumption has a possible association with colon cancer.
過高的蔗糖或糖攝入量或許與大腸癌息息相關
A study that associated high sucrose consumption with colon cancer studied mice
一項實驗曾研究高蔗糖攝入量和大腸癌之間的關系，
that were fed a diet of corn starch or sucrose.
實驗者給小白鼠喂食玉米桿或蔗糖
Mice fed the sucrose diet had a high rate of tumours in the small intestines
結果喂食蔗糖的小鼠與喂食玉米桿的小鼠相比
and the colon compared to the cornstarch group.
罹患小腸癌和大腸癌的幾率都更高
The charts above show this result.
以上的表格就顯示了實驗結果
The blue bars represent the sucrose condition and the white bars represents the corn starch condition.
藍色的條形代表蔗糖情況，白色的條形則代表玉米桿情況
The exact mechanism is unclear but the researchers concluded that
具體的機制仍無法確定，但是研究者認為
there is an association between high sucrose consumption and tumours in the small intestine and colon region.
高蔗糖攝入量和小腸以及大腸癌之間有著密切的關系
In addition mice fed sucrose diets had higher body weights,
除此之外，喂食蔗糖的小鼠與喂食玉米桿的小鼠相比，
blood sugar levels and insulin levels compared to cornstarch fed mice.
體重更大，血糖和胰島素水平也更高
Which is evident that high sucrose consumption is a factor in the increased risk of obesity and type II diabetes.
這個證據表明，蔗糖的攝入會增加肥胖和二型糖尿病的發病率
