But in adolescence this takes another form in terms of the need for individual vigilance
但到了青春期 個人的警覺性又表現出了另一種形式
And it's part of the set of changes and vulnerability sense of it
也就是出現了一系列的變化和脆弱感
that I want to focus on in the final and the rest of this talk
這也是我接下來要講的主要內容
That is there are profound changes in sleep and circadian regulation
當兒童進入青春期時
at about the time at the onset of puberty
他們的睡眠和作息時間規律發生了深遠的變化
This can be a whole talking of itself
對這個問題可以再做一個報告
This elegant work, many colleagues are around the country
全國和全世界有很多出色的研究人員
around the world have been doing work in this area
對這一領域開展了大量的研究
and I'm gonna oversimplify some complicated issues
我打算把一些復雜的問題簡化
to highlight the points relevant to this conference
以突出和這個研討會有關的內容
One thing that happens as kid starts to puberty have this rapid growth is
兒童在進入青春期后 他們發育的速度非常的快
that it actually becomes sleepy err
以至于他們的睡眠出現了錯亂
There were responses to not getting enough sleep
他們會對睡眠不足做出反應
and the opportunity to sleep, the capacity to go to sleep
而睡眠機會和睡眠能力則顯示出
manifests as Mary Chriskaton
正如瑪麗克里斯坎頓很多年前
showed many years ago at Stanford an increased objective sleepiness
在斯坦福的研究結果顯示 他們的客觀睡眠愿望變得越來越強
There are also some slow wave sleep in REM changes
快速眼動期的腦慢波也發生了改變
that I will talk about in a minute and circadian changes
我一會兒會講到這個問題 他們的作息時間也發生了變化
It's part of this two-process model
這是一個雙過程模型
Process C, the circadian system has set of changes linked to puberty
過程C是作息規律系統 青春期時這一系統發生了一系列的變化
and process S, the homeostatic aspect of sleep pressure system also does
內環境穩態(Process S)是睡眠壓力系統的自我平衡 也發生了一系列的變化
What about developmental changes in the sleep-wake homeostasis pressure system?
那么睡眠-蘇醒壓力系統的自我平衡 發生了哪些和發育有關的變化呢
Again, some really interesting work
人們對此開展了一些有趣的研究
in terms of looking at slow wave stage 3 and 4 sleep deep sleep
關注第3和第4階段睡眠 以及深度睡眠的慢波變化
the qualitative part that I showed in the earlier studies
我前面給大家看的定量研究
to be relevant to some of the shifts in glucose metabolism
還關注了這幾個階段葡萄糖的代謝情況
and that be measured quantitatively at slow-wave activity
然后對慢波大腦活動情況進行了測量
and this can be looked as sleep propensity toward falling asleep
可以將這個結果視為睡眠傾向 也就是睡著的傾向
I'm just gonna highlight one study
我給大家看一下其中一個研究