評論
打印
Without going to a long consideration of this
我不想就這個(gè)問題做過多的講解
one of the things to highlight is that if you rest
但我想強(qiáng)調(diào)的是 如果你只是休息
even if you can meditate, deep relaxation
哪怕你在做冥想 深度休息
and clear your mind but you remain vigilant to cues in the environment you are not asleep
大腦什么都沒有想 但你仍然對環(huán)境保持著警惕性 你并沒有睡著
That alone...if you are allowed 10 hours in bed to rest
如果讓你在床上休息10個(gè)小時(shí)
but every time if you fall asleep
但每當(dāng)你睡著時(shí)
somebody blasts a noise
有人就會(huì)制造很大的噪音
you will not feel very restored
你最后仍然沒有精力充沛的感覺
In fact it's part of a larger paradox about sleep
事實(shí)上 這是關(guān)于睡眠的一個(gè)很大的悖論
that the sleep is an active process
因?yàn)樗咂鋵?shí)是一個(gè)大腦的活動(dòng)過程
with many brain regions showing increased activity
大腦很多部位的活動(dòng)程度都很高
that the patterning, timing of sleep and circadian pattern
睡眠的模式 時(shí)間 作息時(shí)間
is essential to the restorative process
對于恢復(fù)精力至關(guān)重要
But this last point is behaviorally
但最后一點(diǎn)屬于行為范疇
it requires to be a asleep rather than resting
和休息不同
is losing awareness and responsiveness to the environment
睡眠會(huì)使人喪失意識和對環(huán)境的反應(yīng)能力
It is relative disconnection between neurobehavioral systems in sleep
睡著時(shí) 神經(jīng)行為系統(tǒng)和外界失去了聯(lián)系
in different patterns of connection and different stages of sleep
而睡眠的不同階段以及不同階段的相互聯(lián)系
that is required to get this restorative state
對于恢復(fù)精力起到了至關(guān)重要的作用
So the question is why does the brain need to lose vigilance
所以問題在于為什么大腦需要喪失警覺性
lose interconnective patterns of functioning
為什么需要長時(shí)間的
for long periods of time
和外界失去聯(lián)系
I think it's part of the compelling story
我認(rèn)為這個(gè)問題的部分原因在于
about sleep and brain development
睡眠和大腦發(fā)育的關(guān)系
But there's an evolutionary
但要回答這個(gè)問題
and part of this that's worth considering for a moment
應(yīng)該從進(jìn)化的角度來思考
Again, cross species because sleep is loss of vigilance
無論什么物種 睡著的時(shí)候都會(huì)失去警覺性
Sleep is restricted to safe times and places
睡眠應(yīng)該在安全的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)進(jìn)行
Every species saw this in different ways
但每個(gè)物種對此有不同的理解
But whether that's physical niches
無論是在物理?xiàng)⒌?/p>
temporal niches, or behavioral patterns
臨時(shí)棲息地 還是通過行為來保證安全
where birds, on one side fall asleep
例如有的鳥類睡著時(shí)
with one eye open and the other eye closed
一只眼睜開 一只眼閉著
on the other side only the bird in the middle can close both eyes and get REM sleep
而另一些鳥類 只有站在中間的那只鳥可以閉上雙眼 獲得快速眼動(dòng)期睡眠
But it's part of this concept that I want to highlight when we think about sleep and stress
但我想強(qiáng)調(diào)的概念是 睡眠和壓力的關(guān)系
That is sleep and vigilance as opponent processes
睡眠和警覺性是兩個(gè)相反的過程
