評論
打印
I believe Timothy Clifford
我記得Timothy Clifford
who was the Director of the National Gallery until 2006
他在2006年之前還是國家美術(shù)館的館長
had recently found a Michelangelo,
他最近發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個米開朗基羅的雕刻
or identified a Michelangelo rather,
或者說他鑒定它是米開朗基羅的
and when they asked him about his old fashioned censorial methods
當(dāng)他們問他有什么傳統(tǒng)的鑒定方法時
he said something like
他是這樣說的
"Can I not recognise my own wife across the breakfast table?"
"我會認(rèn)不出坐在早餐桌對面的妻子嗎?"
And that was something that struck him
他第一眼看到那個米基朗開羅雕刻時
when he first saw the Michelangelo.
就有這樣的感覺
So do you have any thoughts about connoisseurship prior
你在做鑒定分析
to doing the forensic analysis
或者別的科學(xué)研究之前
and that kind or scientific detailing?
有沒有什么鑒定想法了?
In a way that first jump of recognition
從某種程度上來說,第一眼看
which is a bit like being able to recognise
就像認(rèn)出一個站在200碼以外的
a certain member of your family 200 yards away
家庭成員一樣
without you being able to say why you can do that.
你也說不出來你為什么會認(rèn)得出
That was a starting point for me if you didn't get that
對我來說,那是一個起點(diǎn),說具體點(diǎn)的話
and it's kind of interior thinking and it sort of grabs you.
它就像一個內(nèi)心想法,把你給吸引住
But it's not enough.
但光是這樣不夠
I like to get all the science evidence lined up
我要把所有證據(jù)都排列出來
but I also like to adopt other criteria saying
我也想采用另一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
does this organically belong.
所有證據(jù)都統(tǒng)一嗎
Does it tell us as much about Leonardo.
它能透露很多關(guān)于達(dá)芬奇的信息嗎
We're trying to bring Leonardo to the portrait
我們想把達(dá)芬奇和畫聯(lián)系起來
so I like that big contextual support.
所以我需要?dú)v史背景證據(jù)
But at the end of the day if it collapses visually as a Leonardo,
但說到底,如果它看著都不像達(dá)芬奇的話
no amount of evidence helps.
再多的證據(jù)也沒用
So it's a starting point and a confirmation.
那是一個起點(diǎn),也是一個想法
It's not sufficient in itself but without that it goes,
光有這種感覺還不夠,但連這種感覺都沒有的話
and any bit of it
就什么都不行
if you get something in the technical evidence which is wrong,
如果有技術(shù)證據(jù)證明它不是
something in the historical evidence,
有歷史證據(jù)證明它不是
say her costume is all wrong and comes out wrongly,
說她的服裝不符合歷史
then one negative bit collapses the whole case.
那么只要一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)反面證據(jù),就能推翻整個鑒定
So it's part of this jigsaw of evidence.
所以這些證據(jù)就像拼圖一樣,它是其中一塊
Interviewer: Was there any piece of evidence
有沒有什么證據(jù)
at which point you became sure?
讓你確定它就是達(dá)芬奇的?
Was there any one factor that was a deciding factor for you?
有沒有什么因素讓你覺得是決定因素的?
There's no point where you can identify,
你無法靠一個證據(jù)就能確定
it's cumulative.
這是一個漸進(jìn)的過程
And since you're always trying to pull back
因?yàn)槟阋恢狈磸?fù)地質(zhì)疑它
and not take or make assumptions to then
不能亂假設(shè)
make the evidence do what you want it to do.
不能讓證據(jù)為你服務(wù)
There is that sense that it gradually accumulates
我覺得這個過程是漸進(jìn)的
and at a certain point
在某個骨節(jié)眼上
it's a bit like a well designed piece of furniture
覺得它就像一個精心設(shè)計的家具
so you've got a cabinet with drawers in it.
你畫上帶抽屜的柜子
Gradually you get four legs rather than two legs
慢慢地從兩條腿畫到四條腿
and you gradually find that the drawers all fit in and out
慢慢地你發(fā)現(xiàn)所有抽屜能夠自如地拉出推進(jìn)
and it all holds together.
它能夠直立起來
The whole edifice is solid so none of the drawers stick
整個家具非常堅固,沒有抽屜卡住
and it's not got three legs and intermittently falls over.
沒有三條腿,不會隔一陣子就掉一次
So it's that sort of construction involving all the evidence.
所以這是一個由所有證據(jù)組合起來的過程
In the old days
在以前
you would really have had just connoisseurship and documentation.
我們只有鑒定專家的意見和文獻(xiàn)
Now we've got all the science that makes a terrific difference.
現(xiàn)在我們有各種各樣科學(xué)方法,它們能發(fā)揮很大的作用
It doesn't prove it's by Leonardo
這不能證明這是達(dá)芬奇的
but it eliminates possibilities like it being a forgery etc.
但這些方法排除了其他可能,例如這是贗品的可能
And it tells you a lot about the medium.
它能告訴你很多關(guān)于材質(zhì)的信息
And the medium in this case is important because it's on vellum.
這幅畫的材質(zhì)很重要,因?yàn)樗蔷破ぜ?/p>
