評論
打印
The educational materials presented here were developed
以下教育資訊由愛荷華州立大學
by students and faculty of the department of food
食物科學和人類營養學院的
science and human nutrition at Iowa State University.
師生共同研究產生
Funding for this project was provided by grants from
此項目由美國中西部癌癥協會
the American Cancer Society Midwest and the
和蘭斯，阿姆斯特朗基金會
Lance Armstrong Foundation. The materials are
提供資助，節目資訊旨在
intended for educational use and are not meant to
教育用途而非提供醫療建議
provide medical advice. We welcome your feedback
我們歡迎您對這些資訊提出
about these materials. Please use the evaluation survey
您的反饋，請點擊主頁上的
link on the home page to provide your comments and
評估調查鏈接來提供您的
suggestions.
評論與建議
Healthy habits build healthy children.
健康習慣造就健康兒童
This presentation will cover food choices in children
這個講座涉及針對兒童的食物選擇
encouraging healthy habits and engaging children in
倡導健康飲食習慣以及吸引兒童加入
meal preparation. Throughout this presentation I will
三餐準備，講座自始至終我都會提到
refer to a healthy diet. My definition will be
健康飲食，我的定義是根據USDA(美國
according to the USDA's guidelines of "My Pyramid".
農業部)的"我的金字塔"指南而確定的
My pyramid is a resource which advocates ways to
"我的金字塔"是一個向大眾提供
promote dietary guidelines for the public. A healthy
倡導膳食指南方式的資源，健康
diet includes lots of fruit, vegetables, whole grains,
飲食包括大量的水果，蔬菜，全谷物
fat-free or low-fat milk and milk products, lean meats,
脫脂或低脂牛奶和奶產品，瘦肉
poultry, fish, beans, eggs, and nuts. A healthy diet
禽肉，魚肉，豆類，蛋和堅果，健康飲食在
is also low in saturated fats, trans-fats, cholesterol,
飽和脂肪，反式脂肪，膽固醇
sodium and added sugars. To explain more about
鈉和添加糖的含量上也很低，要更詳細地解釋
the pyramid it is broken up into six different food
這個金字塔，就要把它分解為六組不同食物
groups which should be mixed into the diet everyday.
每天須把它們混進飲食中去
Serving sizes are not explicitly mentioned because
備餐量并沒有明確地加以解釋，因為
they are different for all ages. The food groups are
對不同年齡的人是不一樣的，這些食物組
divided into sections of different widths to represent
被分為寬度不同的部分，以此表示
the food groups' need to be consumed at different
這些食物組需要以不同的比率得以消費
ratios. The stair steps on the side remind us that
一邊的上臺階提醒著我們
physical activity is a very important component of
體育鍛煉對于過健康生活而言也是一個非常
living a healthy life as well and should be considered
重要的組成部分，應該與食物組一起
daily along with the food groups. So how do children
每日進行，那么，孩子們如何學習
learn to enjoy the foods they eat? Let's take a look.
享用他們吃的食物呢?我們來看一看
Naturally, children like foods that taste good to them.
孩子們喜歡吃起來可口的食物，這理所當然
Studies which have focused on which characteristics
有研究聚焦于發現食物的哪些特點
of food children prefer best have found that children
是孩子們最喜愛的，結果是，孩子們
lean towards energy dense foods. Energy dense foods are
傾向于能量食品，能量密集食品是那些
foods high in sugar, salt, and fats. A study which
糖，鹽和脂肪含量高的食品，一項研究
examined the facial expressions of infants learned that
觀察了嬰兒的面部表情，發現
at birth infants prefer the basic taste of sweet best.
嬰兒出生時更喜歡基本的甜味
This is mostly because of biological factors that
這主要是生物因素造成的，因為
mother's milk contains natural sugars and milk is
母乳中含有天然糖分，而母乳是
the first source of foods for infants. The study has
嬰兒食物的最初來源，研究還發現
also found by introducing new flavors other than
在嬰兒六個月大時通過導入除了甜味以外的
sweetness at six months of age an infant's preference
新味覺的方法，嬰兒的喜好會
can diverge away from sweetness towards other foods.
從甜味發生偏離，轉向其他食物
From this study we can gain that by introducing new
通過這項研究，我們可以知道通過向兒童
foods to children can help increase food preferences
導入新食物的方法，我們能夠增加他們除了
other than sweetness. Children's food preferences are
甜味以外的食物喜好，兒童的食物喜好
also influenced by their parents or other influential
同樣也被他們的父母或是其他他們生活中
people in their lives. A study focusing on children's
的重要人物所影響，一項研究兒童食物
food environments and their eating habits found that
環境和他們的吃飯習慣的研究發現
a child's dietary habits and food preferences are
兒童是通過他們所處的環境來發展出自己的
developed through their surroundings.
飲食習慣和食物喜好的
