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Social environments have a huge impact on
社會環境不光對兒童的膳食攝入有著
dietary intake for everyone, not just children.
舉足輕重的影響，對每個人都是如此
This food preference has been often found to increase
通常發現，當孩子們目睹他們的父母
when children witness their parents enjoying foods.
享用食物時，這種食物喜好會增加
This places a lot of emphasis on the importance of
這就讓父母成為孩子的行為榜樣的
parents to be good role models to their children.
重要性大為彰顯
Children are always watching and mimicking their
孩子總是會觀察和模仿他們
parents' habits. Children can acquire similar habits
父母的習慣，孩子會養成與他們父母類似
of the parents. Children will set standards of
的習慣，孩子根據他們父母如何進食
expectations based on how their parents eat.
來設立自己的期望標準
If a child observes a parent enjoying fast food on
如果一個孩子看到父母中一個經常吃
a regular basis the child will establish a standard
快餐，那么他將會建立的標準就是
that consuming fast food on a regular basis is
經常吃快餐就是
the norm. However if a child observes their parents
那個規范，但是，如果一個孩子看到他的父母
enjoying healthy foods such as fruits, vegetables,
經常享用健康食物，如水果，蔬菜
dairy, and whole grains on a regular basis their
奶制品和全谷物，那么孩子
children will establish a standard that is the norm
就會把那樣的標準當作規范
and be more likely to eat these foods. The importance
也更有可能會去吃這些食物，倡導讓兒童
of introducing healthy food options in children is best
選擇健康食品的重要性不言而喻
because studies have shown that eating habits
因為研究已經顯示，兒童時期養成的
developed as a child can carry over into adolescence
飲食習慣會被帶入青春期
and adulthood. Another important factor when
乃至成人階段，另一個鼓勵兒童健康
encouraging healthy dietary habits in children is
飲食習慣的重要因素是
that younger children are more easily influenced
與青少年相比，更年幼的兒童更容易
by parents' dietary habits than adolescents.
受到父母飲食習慣的影響
This is because adolescents have already developed
這是因為青少年已經養成了
their eating habits and a more reluctant to change.
他們自己的飲食習慣而不愿加以改變
Again,this is why it is so critical to begin introducing
所以，這也更加說明了為什么在兒童時期
healthy habits in children and to continue to build on
開始培養健康的飲食習慣并讓這些習慣隨孩子
these habits as children grow. As children grow up
一起成長是如此重要，孩子成長的過程中
they become more independent which means
他們變得越加獨立，這意味著
the responsibility of feeding children is transferred
喂養孩子的責任已經從父母
from the parent to the child itself.Once the adolescent
轉移到了孩子自己身上，當青春期來臨
years arrive adolescents begin to only rely on their
青少年開始只需要依賴他們的父母
parents to supply the food for them to eat at their
給他們提供食物，他們可以用他們
personal convenience. In a study focusing on the
個人方便的方式來吃，有人研究了
home environment in adolescent food intake found that
青少年食物攝取的家庭環境，發現
the food available in the home is going to influence
家庭的可用食物將會影響到
what adolescents eat. Increasing the availability of
青少年的進食，將家庭中水果，蔬菜
fruits, vegetables and dairy products in the home will
和奶制品的可用性增加，那么
increase the consumption of these foods in children's
兒童的飲食中這些食物的攝取也會增加
diets. The study also found that availability of energy
研究也顯示，能量密集型食品--糖，脂肪
dense foods, those foods high in sugar, fat and salt,
和鹽含量高的食品--的可用性
decrease the consumption of healthy foods in the home,
會使得家庭中對健康食品的攝取減少
the reasoning being that when children are given
原因是當孩子要在健康食品和能量密集型
the choice between healthy foods and energy dense
食品之間做出選擇時
foods they will reach for foods which appeal to
他們會伸手選擇那些更加吸引他們的食品
them more, thus the energy dense foods. Let's
所以，能量密集型食品就勝出了，我們
take a look at some of the negative and positive
來看看，父母鼓勵孩子養成健康飲食習慣
consequences of parents encouraging healthy dietary
會帶來哪些積極和消極的影響
habits in children.A lack of encouraging healthy habits
如果不鼓勵孩子養成健康飲食習慣
in a child can lead a child to not understanding
就會造成一個孩子不了解
the importance of consuming healthy foods. It can also
去吃健康食品的重要性，同時
lead to some negative health consequences such as
也會帶來一些對健康不利的后果，比如
the risk of childhood obesity or obesity as an adult,
兒童期肥胖或成人后肥胖的風險
increased risk of cancer and many lifelong health risks
癌癥和許多終身健康風險因素的增加
such as high blood pressure, cholesterol and
比如高血壓，膽固醇和
type 2 diabetes. By encouraging healthy habits it can
2型糖尿病，通過鼓勵養成健康習慣，一些
also lead to positive outcomes such as children
積極的效果將會產生，比如，孩子們
gaining awareness of healthy food options,
開始有了健康食物選擇的意識
consuming healthy food options, meeting or becoming
飲用食用健康食物，開始達到或接近
closer to those recommended daily intakes and building
那些推薦的每日攝入營養，開始養成
healthy habits which can carry over into adulthood.
健康的習慣，這些習慣會伴隨他們長大
