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In October of 2009 the institute of medicine released
2009年十月，醫學研究所發布了
recommendations for the national school lunch program
為國家學校午餐計劃制定的新推薦
to adopt a new set of standards for menu planning
為菜單設計制定了一系列新的標準
which will bring the school meals more in line with
這將會使得學校的餐飲更加符合
the latest dietary guidelines of 2005.The report
最新的2005年版膳食指南，這份報告
focuses on limiting sodium, saturated fat and trans-fat
聚焦于對鈉，飽和脂肪和反式脂肪的限制
while encouraging unsaturated oils.The institute of
而同時建議食用不飽和脂肪油，醫學研究所
medicine recommendations are as follows:
做出的推薦如下:
Maximum calorie levels for grades K through 5, 6
最大量卡路里供給K(幼兒園?)到五年級
through 8 and 9 through 12; to reduce sodium to
六到八年級，和九到十二年級，減少鈉攝入
the target of 740 mg for lunch; to serve one cup of
達到每一午餐740毫克的目標，每日供給
fruit a day; to serve ? to 1 cup of vegetables a day;
一量杯水果，供給四分之三到一量杯蔬菜
and to three fourths less starchy vegetables while serving
每周供給含淀粉較少的蔬菜，以及供給
more green leafy vegetables, orange vegetables and
更多綠葉蔬菜，橙色蔬菜和
legumes per week; to make half or more of the grains
豆類蔬菜，一半或更多供給的谷物須是
whole grain; to serve one cup of one percent or non-fat
全谷類，每日午餐供給一量杯百分之一或
milk at lunch daily; and to serve 2 ounces of meat
全脫脂牛奶，多數時間供給2盎司肉
or meat alternatives on most days.The USDA is
或肉類替代品，目前，美國農業部正在
currently using the institute of medicine's report to
使用醫學研究院的報告來
make revisions to the nutrient requirements of
修訂學校餐飲的營養需求
school meals.Unfortunately, change takes time and
然而，改變仍需時間，這些改變
these changes will probably still take another year.
很可能還要再過一年才會發生
The farm to school program is encouraged as a way to
學校計劃也倡導讓農場參與進來
provide students with exposure to fresh fruits and
為學生們提供當地土生土長的新鮮水果
vegetables grown locally.This is also beneficial
和蔬菜，這對地方經濟也是
to the local economy.Those who purchase local foods
大有裨益的，采購當地食物的那些人
must ensure an open market approach and that products
必須保證市場渠道公開，并且產品的
are produced and handled safely.This program is
生產流通安全可靠，這個計劃由農業部
encouraged by the USDA but it isn't as simple as
倡導發起，但它并不像聽起來的那樣簡單
it sounds, since it has many rules and regulations.
因為其中涉及到許多政策法規
Also, it is difficult for a local farmer to supply a
并且，要讓一個當地農民為一個較大的學校
larger school with the quantities they need.It may
提供所有他們需要的量也是不容易的，與
work better with smaller schools. School garden produce
小一些的學校合作效果更佳，學校的菜園種植
can be used as well.Some schools in Northeast Iowa
也可以利用起來，愛荷華州東北部一些學校
have school gardens that supply their school with
有自己的菜園，可以提供給學校
a variety of vegetables for the salad bar.
沙拉吧臺所需的各種蔬菜
Schools report a 3 to 16 percent increase in school meal
一些學校報告稱，在農場的新鮮食品進來之后
participation when farm fresh food is served bringing
加入學校餐飲的人增加了3%到16%，也給
more school lunch funds to the school.So what are
學校帶來了更多的午餐經費，那么
some possible outcomes that are likely to occur as
在學校采納了對自身餐飲食品所作的
schools adopt stricter nutrition requirements for foods
更加嚴格的營養要求之后，有可能產生
made available at school.Here are a few positive
什么樣的后果呢?下面是一些積極的
outcomes.Kids may start developing a taste for
后果，孩子們開始對更加健康的食品
healthier foods.Children may have improved health,
有所青睞了，兒童的健康
nutrition and overall wellness, both physically and
營養和整體素質都得到了改善，無論是身體
mentally.Children may have better behavior and
還是心理方面，他們在學校表現得更好了
focus in schools.And we could even see a reverse
更加專注了，我們甚至也能看到肥胖的影響
in the obesity epidemic.
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