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I thought I would start with a very brief history of cities.
我覺得我得從城市的歷史簡單說起。
Settlements typically began with people clustered around a well, and the size of that settlement was roughly the distance you could walk with a pot of water on your head.
人們聚井而居揭開了典型的定居生活，而這種定居的范圍，也不過是你頭頂著一盆水所能走的距離罷了。
In fact, if you fly over Germany, for example,and you look down and you see these hundreds of little villages, they're all about a mile apart.
其實，假如你能從德國上空飛過，往下看，你會看到數以百計的小村莊，每個距離約一英里。
You needed easy access to the fields.
這樣你就到地里去就很方便了。
And for hundreds, even thousands of years,the home was really the center of life.
幾百幾千年以來，家就是生活的中心。
Life was very small for most people.
所以對大多數人來說，生活范圍其實很小。
It was the center of entertainment, of energy production,of work, the center of health care.
家是歡樂，動力，工作，和醫療的中心。
That's where babies were born and people died.
在那里，也有生老病死。
Then, with industrialization, everything started to become centralized.
之后工業化的興起，一切開始變得集中起來。
You had dirty factories that were moved to the outskirts of cities.
那些污濁不堪的工廠都搬到了郊外。
Production was centralized in assembly plants.
產品也都被集中到裝配廠。
You had centralized energy production.
我們還把能源生產也集中起來。
Learning took place in schools. Health care took place in hospitals.
學校是學習用的，醫院是治病用的。
And then you had networks that developed.
然后網絡也發展起來了。
You had water, sewer networks that allowed for this kind of unchecked expansion.
供水管網，污水管網也使得不斷的擴張成為了可能。
You had separated functions, increasingly.
慢慢地，我們把不同的職能給區分開來。
You had rail networks that connected residential,industrial, commercial areas. You had auto networks.
鐵路網連接到了住宅區，工業區和商業區，汽車交通網也建立起來了。
In fact, the model was really, give everybody a car,build roads to everything, and give people a place to park when they get there. It was not a very functional model.
事實上，這個模式就是，給每人一輛車，把路給修起來，然后在人們停車的地方弄個車庫，其實這并不是一個行得通的模式。
And we still live in that world,and this is what we end up with.
但我們依舊生活在這樣的環境下，所以這就是我們所得到的。
So you have the sprawl of LA,the sprawl of Mexico City.
所以就有了洛杉磯的擴展區，墨西哥城的擴展區。
You have these unbelievable new cities in China which you might call tower sprawl.
在中國匪夷所思般崛起了各種新城市也可以稱為雨后春筍。
They're all building cities on the model that we invented in the '50s and '60s, which is really obsolete, I would argue,and there are hundreds and hundreds of new cities that are being planned all over the world.
他們都是基于我們在50年代或60年代發明的模式，在建城市，我覺得這樣是跟不上時代的，而此時此刻，不計其數的城市正在世界各地緊鑼密鼓籌備興建。
In China alone, 300 million people,some say 400 million people,will move to the city over the next 15 years.
單中國來說，3億人口，有的說4億，將會在接下來的15年里搬遷到城市里。
That means building the entire, the equivalent of the entire built infrastructure of the U.S. in 15 years.
這就等同于要美國在15年內建造起整個國家基礎設施。
Imagine that.
想象一下。
And we should all care about this whether you live in cities or not.
我們都應該關注一下不管你是否住在城里。
Cities will account for 90 percent of the population growth,80 percent of the global CO2, 75 percent of energy use,but at the same time it's where people want to be increasingly.
城市主宰著90%的人口增長，全球80%的CO2，75%的能源消費，同時，也是人們向往的地方，這情況與日劇增。
More than half the people now in the world live in cities,and that will just continue to escalate.
現在世界上一半以上的人口住在城市里，而且還會不斷增加。
Cities are places of celebration, personal expression.
城市是人們慶祝和表現的地方。
You have the flash mobs of pillow fights that,I've been to a couple. They're quite fun.
城市里有枕頭大戰的快閃族，我去過幾次，還真有趣。
You have,Cities are where most of the wealth is created,and particularly in the developing world,it's where women find opportunities. That's a lot of the reason why cities are growing very quickly.
還有，城市是大部分財富的來源，尤其是在發展中國家，婦女也能擁有各種機遇，所以有很多原因可以解釋為何城市發展如此快速
Now there's some trends that will impact cities.
但某些趨勢會影響到城市。
First of all, work is becoming distributed and mobile.
首先，工作遵循分配模式而且不再一成不變。
The office building is basically obsolete for doing private work.
辦公大樓基本淘汰了私人的工作。
The home, once again, because of distributed computation communication, is becoming a center of life,so it's a center of production and learning and shopping,and health care and all of these things that we used to think of as taking place outside of the home.
由于有了分布式通信和分布式計算家，再一次成為了生活的中心，家成為了生產，學習，購物，還有醫療，還有那些我們認為都是在家外發生的一切的中心。
And increasingly, everything that people buy,every consumer product, in one way or another,can be personalized.
漸漸地，所有人們買的東西所有的消費品，通過不同的方式，都能夠實現個性化。
And that's a very important trend to think about.
這是值得關注的一個重要趨勢。
So this is my image of the city of the future.
這就是我想象中的未來城市。
In that it's a place for people, you know.
圖中那里就是人們可以待的地方。
