評論
打印
A hundred years later, around the year 400, the court was once again beset by the same old problems. One day the Emperor Xiaowudi observed to his favourite consort, "Now that you are 30 years old, it's time I exchanged you for somebody younger". He meant it as a joke, but she didn't take it well, and she murdered him that evening. The court was scandalised. It was obviously time to remind everybody how to behave by re-publicising Zhang Hua's poem in a scroll painted by the greatest artist of the day, Gu Kaizhi. The resulting masterpiece was the Admonitions Scroll. Jan Stuart leads the Department of Asia here at the British Museum, and is very familiar with this painting and its purpose:
約百年后，大約400年，宮廷中的悲劇再度上演。一日，孝武帝對愛妃說：“你已三十歲了，我該去找更年輕漂亮的女子了。”皇帝只是玩笑，妃子卻信以為真，當晚便殺了孝武帝，宮廷大為震驚。勸導婦女遵從婦德成為當務之急，于是，當時的著名畫家顧愷之將張華的詩用畫的形式表現出來，由此誕生了繪畫杰作《女史箴圖》。大英博物館亞洲部總監司美茵對這幅畫了如指掌:
"The scroll before us fits into a tradition of didactic imagery established in the Han Dynasty and influenced by the great philosopher Confucius. When you read the text alongside the images, you realise that there's a deep message being communicated here. Confucius had the idea that everyone in society has a proper role and place, and if they follow that, then a very healthy and effective society is ensured.
畫卷表現了一種受到儒家思想影響、始于漢代的教誨圖傳統。讀詩賞圖之時，便能感受到它所傳達的深意。孔子認為，每個人在社會上都有自己的位置，如果能各司其職，社會便能穩定高效地運行。
