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1. The celebrations at her coronation were carefully designed to show off the young queen as the paragon of virtue.
【結構剖析】這是一個簡單句，使用了被動語態。
【要點解析】at her coronation是介詞短語做定語，修飾前面的名詞celebrations。
“Celebrations”使用復數是表示“為慶祝某人而組織籌劃的特殊的事情”。
To show off the young queen as the paragon of virtue是動詞不定式做目的狀語。其中的as the paragon of virtue是介詞短語做狀語。
“Carefully”是副詞放于系動詞之后，實意動詞之前。
2. This charade of piety, though, was hardly enough to compensate for the misfortune of having another woman on the throne.
【結構剖析】這是一個簡單句。
【要點解析】“though”是“然而”的意思，是副詞，表示轉折。
"Be not enough to do something"的意思是“不足以做某事”或者是“不能夠做某事”。再如：
Having a bottle of soft drink is not enough to quench my thirst. 喝一瓶汽水不夠解渴。
All her wiles were not enough to persuade them to sell the property. 她花言巧語也未能打動他們賣掉物業。
"To compensate for the misfortune of having another woman on the throne"是動詞不定式做目的狀語。
其中的having another woman on the throne是動名詞做定語，修飾misfortune，意思是讓另一個女人執政中的厄運。Have在這里是使役動詞，意思是“讓，給”。
3. All the same, the skeptics must have been reassured by Elizabeth's precocious self-possession, the air of controlled energy she exuded in public right from the start.
【結構剖析】這個句子是一個簡單句。
【要點解析】all the same是副詞性短語，在句中做狀語。
句中的謂語結構是“must have been reassured”，可以看出使用了虛擬語氣。這是情態動詞must的虛擬語氣的用法，它表示對過去事情的肯定猜測。
句子用了被動語態，by后面是連個并列名詞性短語，一個是：Elizabeth's precocious self-possession，另一個是：the air of controlled energy she exuded in public right from the start。
在第二個短語中的定語使用了過去分詞作前置定語和一個限定性定語從句做定語。過去分詞是controlled，它與被修飾詞energy是被動關系，所以用過去分詞。
“she exuded in public right from the start”這個定語從句同樣修飾energy，energy是先行詞。
此外，定語從句中的“in public”是介詞短語做地點狀語，“from the start”是介詞短語做時間狀語，“right”是副詞，對from the start起到強調的作用。
4. You might suppose that her first appearances at the council would have been an ordeal, but what the councilors saw was not some girlish ingenue, but someone who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority.
【結構剖析】這是一個由并列連詞連接的2個分句，一個是：You might suppose that her first appearances at the council would have been an ordeal，另一個是：what the councilors saw was not some girlish ingenue, but someone who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority。
【要點解析】第一個分句中是含有賓語從句的復合句。主句中有suppose表示“猜測”的這個動詞，那么賓語從句中使用了虛擬語氣，謂語結構為：would have been，這個結構是表示推測。因為主句中使用一般過去時（might），那么從句中就要使用過去完成時(would have done)。
此外，at the council是介詞短語做狀語。
第二個分句中是名詞性短句做主語（what the councilor saw）。謂語中使用了both....and這個短語連接了2個表語，第一個是：some girlish ingenue，some在這里的意思是“某個”。
第二個是：someone who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority。這個名詞短語中中含有一個定語從句who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority修飾先行詞someone。先行詞是不定代詞，它指人，在定語從句中做主語，只能選擇that這個關系代詞，不能省略。
It was said是“據說”的意思，在這里做插入語，seem做系動詞，full of manly authority做表語。從口語角度或寫作的角度它都可視為套用句型。
