【復習】
Last time we learned a sentence pattern which is:It is essential that S should do. 意思是:完全有必要做某事。當主句的表語為形容詞essential, necessary等表示“必要的”這類詞語時,主語從句中則要使用虛擬語氣,即:謂語形式為:should+動詞原形。我們還引申出了一個句型是:It is essential to somebody ( something ) that S should do. 以上2個句式中的should都可以省略。
【習題答案及點評】
And some translation exercises were left last time that need you to translate it into English in different ways, which is a bit difficult and I am about let the answers and comments to them out in the open.
【Exercise I】我們將這兩組分開是完全有必要的。
【Translation 1】It is essential for us to keep these two groups separate.
【Translation 2】It is essential that we (should) keep these two groups separate.
【Translation 3】It is essential to us that these two groups ( should ) be kept separate.
【喇叭】
1 翻譯3中注意省略了should后,謂語則是be。
2 翻譯1和翻譯2中的狀語意思都是“對于我們來說”,都是介詞短語作狀語,那么在使用主語從句翻譯時介詞要用to, 而在使用動詞不定式翻譯時介詞要用for.
【點評】
1 短語的使用:keep something separate 使......分開,這個短語中separate 是形容詞做keep后面的賓語something的補足語。
2 翻譯方式: 第一句是使用動詞不定式翻譯。第二句和第三句都是使用主語從句進行翻譯,不同的是第一句中的的主語從句是主動語態(tài),而第二句中的主語從句是被動語態(tài)。
【Exercise II】我們生活中諸如水,電,燃氣等設(shè)施是必不可少的。
【Translation 1】It is essential for us to be provided with services such as: water , electricity, gas in our life.
【Translation 2】It is essential to our life that we ( should ) be provided with services such as : water , electricity, gas .
【Translation 3】It is essential to us that services such as :water , electricity, gas ( should ) be provided with in our life.
【Translation 4】It is essential to our life that some relevant departments( should ) provide us with services such as : water , electricity, gas .
【點評】
1短語的運用:provide somebody with something這個短語譯為:提供某人某物,給某人某物,and so on. relevant departments意思是“相關(guān)部門”。
2 翻譯方式: 翻譯1是使用動詞不定式進行翻譯。翻譯2、3、4都是采用含主語從句的復合句進行翻譯,不同的是翻譯4是在主語從句中使用了主動語態(tài)進行翻譯,翻譯2和翻譯3的翻譯方式都是在主語從句中采用被動語態(tài),由于在翻譯中采用了provide somebody with something這個動詞后有一個賓語以及介詞有一個賓語的短語,那么這2個作為賓語的名詞在被動語態(tài)中都可以作為主語,關(guān)鍵要強調(diào)一點的是把介詞后的名詞作為主語時,那么with要保留,很多人會忽視了這個介詞。還要強調(diào)一點當在被動語態(tài)中省略了should時,注意保持be這個原形。