Part 1 How to Tip at a Restaurant 在餐館如何給小費

Dialogue Script 1 對話原文 1

Lilly: Thank you so much for taking me out to dinner.
Martin: It's the least I could do. You've babysat so much for me recently.
Lilly: It was my pleasure. Your baby's such a doll.
Martin: I'm glad you two get along.
Lilly: Can I at least help you pay a little?
Martin: If you really want to, I guess you could pick up the tip.
Lilly: OK. How much should that be?
Martin: You don't tip in China?
Lilly: No, not at all, so I have no idea how much to pay.
Martin: In restaurants, fifteen percent of the bill is considered pretty standard.
Lilly: What if the service is really bad?

講解：

1. 對話中，Martin請Lilly到一家餐館吃飯。既然今天我們說的是小費問題，tip 這里作名詞表示“小費”，比如說，I left a tip on the table. 我把小費放在桌子上了。

2. tip 作名詞還可以表示“有用的小建議，實用小竅門”，比如說，She told me a tip for removing stains from clothing. 她告訴了我一個除掉衣服上污點的小竅門。所以我們這節課的標題是Tips on Tips，意思就是“關于給小費的建議”。

3. Lilly很感謝Martin請她吃飯，Martin說這沒有什么，只是聊表心意，It's the least I could do.因為Lilly最近經常幫他照顧寶寶。babysit，表示“幫別人照看孩子，當臨時保姆”。這是一個合成詞，是由baby+sit組成的，而sit是主體動詞，所以就在它身上有了過去分詞形式的變化，變成babysat。大家以后遇到這種名詞+動詞的合成詞的時候，如果有人稱和時態的變化，都是體現在后面那個動詞上面的。

4. Lilly說她很樂意幫Martin照看孩子，因為Martin的孩子真是太可愛了，Your baby's such a doll. someone's such a doll表示“某人真是可愛”，一般是用來形容小孩子或者小動物的，而不用來形容大人。我們還可以說Your baby is adorable. 你的寶寶真可愛。Martin也很高興Lilly和小寶寶能合得來，get along with sb表示“跟某人相處和諧”，比如說，Do you get along with your neighbors? 你跟鄰居相處還融洽嗎？

5. 賬單送來了，Lilly也不好意思讓Martin一個人付錢，就要求至少讓她也幫忙付一點賬單。Martin說如果Lilly堅持的話，她可以來付小費，I guess you could pick up the tip. pick up 在這里表示“支付”。

6. 那么Lilly該付多少小費呢？她還真不清楚，因為在中國完全不必付小費。tip 在這里作了動詞， 也表示“付小費，給小費”，舉個例子，He tipped the bell boy 2 dollars. 他給了行李員兩美元的小費。

7. Martin告訴Lilly在餐館里，賬單的15%被認為是標準的小費金額。Lilly又問，如果服務非常的差呢，還要給這么多嗎？

Dialogue Script 2 對話原文 2

Martin: You didn't like your server?
Lilly: Oh, she was fine. I was just wondering.
Martin: The lowest you can get away with without being really offensive is ten percent. And twenty percent is considered a good tip.
Lilly: Why do people feel obligated to tip? Shouldn't a server's wages be enough?
Martin: Servers depend on tips to survive. Restaurants owners know that, so their wages are low.
Lilly: But why do people pay them?
Martin: It's a custom. Plus, it encourages good service. Servers know they'll earn more for better service.
Lilly: That makes sense. Fifteen percent of eighty dollars is ...eight plus four...
Martin: You are good with math.

講解：

1. 在上一個對話中，Lilly問Martin如果服務生的服務很差怎么辦呢？Martin很意外，難道Lilly不喜歡為他們服務的服務生嗎？Lilly說當然不是，這個服務員很好，她只是好奇而已，I was just wondering. 也可以說I'm just being curious. Martin回答說，要離開餐廳又顯得不太冒犯，至少要給一成的小費。也就是賬單的10%。

2. get away with sth 表示“犯了錯誤但是受到比較輕的懲罰或者不受懲罰”，我們來舉兩個例子，For such a serious mistake he was lucky to get away with a fine. 他犯了那么嚴重的錯誤，卻僥幸只交了罰款了事。If you cheat in the exam, you'll never get away with it. 考試作弊必予追究。

3. offensive表示“讓人惱怒的，得罪人的”，比如說，I find your attitude most offensive.我覺得你很失態。

4. 最底線是給賬單10%的小費，而給賬單的20%就算是很好的小費了。說到這里，Lilly又有了一個問題，就是為什么大家都覺得應該給小費呢？服務員的薪水不是應該夠了嗎？Martin告訴她，服務生靠小費維生，餐廳老板都知道，所以服務生的薪水很低。

5. 大家為什么要付給他們錢呢？原來付小費是一個社會習俗，而且付小費也會鼓勵良好的服務，因為服務人員知道服務得越好賺的也就越多。Lilly覺得言之有理，That makes sense. 如果你想說“很有道理，太有道理了”，你就可以說，That makes lots of sense. 如果你想說“一點道理都沒有”，就是It doesn't make any sense. 或者It makes no sense.

6. Lilly開始計算她到底要付多少小費，賬單上是80美元，那么80美元的15%就是12元，Martin夸獎Lilly說她的數學真好。be good with sth 表示“擅長某事”，也可以說be good at sth。

Part 2 Let's Order out 叫外賣

Dialogue Script 1 對話原文 1

Martin: Thank you for babysitting my baby while my wife is away.
Lilly: You're welcome. I like hanging out with him.
Martin: Are you hungry? It's almost dinnertime, but I don't feel like cooking.
Lilly: I suppose I could try to make some Chinese food, but I don't have ingredients.
Martin: That's OK. We can just order out. How about Chinese food ?
Lilly: I've heard good things about Chinese food in America.
Martin: Well, I like it. I'll order it and we'll see what you think.

講解：

1. 對話中，Lilly又來幫Martin照看小孩，Martin很感激她。Lilly說不用客氣，她很喜歡跟Martin的寶寶在一起。hang out with sb 表示“經常跟某人在一起，和某人出去”。比如說，I don't want you to hang out with those guys. 我不喜歡你總跟那些家伙混在一起。

2. 現在到了吃晚飯的時間，但是Martin不想在家里做著吃。Lilly會做一點中國菜，但是手頭沒有做菜的材料，ingredient指“烹調用的原料，材料”。Martin建議他們干脆叫外賣算了。order out 表示“叫外賣”，也可以說We can just get delivery.

3. Martin問Lilly吃中國菜如何？Lilly聽說在美國的中國菜口碑不錯。Martin還是很愛吃中國菜的。先來點菜，再看看Lilly的感覺如何吧。

Dialogue Script 2 對話原文 2

Lilly: So what all did you order?
Martin: My favorites. Lemon chicken, fried wonton, egg fu young, and Buddha's delight.
Lilly: Huh? I've never heard of those dishes.
Martin: Really? They're pretty standard at Chinese restaurants here.
Lilly: Hmm, I'm a little bit scared. They might have changed them a lot.
Martin: Well, I guess one thing's different, at least. Remember we were talking about tips the other day?
Lilly: Yeah. Do people here expect them for delivering food, too?
Martin: Yes. Usually ten percent, but I like to give more when the weather is bad.
Lilly: It sounds like tips make the world go round, here.

講解：

1. 現在我們來看看Martin都點了什么菜，有lemon chicken，檸檬雞，fried wonton，炸云吞，egg fu young，芙蓉蛋還有Buddha's delight鼎湖上素。Lilly覺得這些菜名都稀奇古怪的，她從來沒有聽過。Buddha's delight是鼎湖上素，聽名字就知道是一個素菜，以菌類以及發菜、筍干、蝦米、腐竹、粉絲、黃花菜等煨制而成。這些都是在美國的廣東菜館常見的菜肴，已經美國本地化了，所以Lilly都沒聽過這些菜名，她還有點怕怕的，那些餐廳已經把中國菜改頭換面了。Martin說其他改變不知道，但至少有一樣是不同的，那就是在美國外送食物也是要給小費的。

2. 那么給多少合適呢？一般是給一成，也就是賬單的10%，如果路途很遙遠或者天氣不好的話，通常還會多給一些小費。Lilly感嘆道，看來在美國真是小費當道啊。It sounds like tips make the world go round, here. make the world go round/around字面上看是“有了它地球才能轉”。其實沒那么夸張，也就是“生活中不可或缺”的意思。

3. 其實在美國，給多少小費也沒有一定的標準，就是美國人自己也不太清楚到底給多少小費合適，不過這里我們要給大家的建議就是給賬單的15%是最標準的。比較慷慨的人也會給到20%。所以下次你要給小費的時候，就可以按照這個標準來付，才不至于失禮。