評論
打印
LESSON 20 Land and sea breezes
第二十課 海陸風
The inhabitants of the sea-shore in tropical countries wait every morning with impatience for the coming of the sea breeze. It usually sets in about ten o'clock. Then the sultry heat of the oppressive morning is dissipated, and there is a delightful freshness in the air, which seems to give new life to all for their daily labours. About sunset there is again another calm. The sea breeze is now over, and in a short time the land breeze sets in. This alternation of the land and sea breezes—a wind from the sea by day, and from the land by night—is so regular, in troopical countries, that it is looked for by the people with as much confidence as the rising and setting of the sun.
每天清晨，生活在熱帶國家沿海附近的居民都會默默等待著十點海風的到來，那時悶熱的空氣會被吹散，陣陣清爽席卷而來，好似吹走了所有的疲倦，為勞作者們注入新的活力。日落時分，大地再一次恢復寧靜，海風已悻悻而去。不一會兒，陸風又踏著腳步而來。這種白天從海上吹來、晚上從陸地吹來的海陸風之間的交替在熱帶國家是具有規律性的一種活動，人們對它們的期待就像對太陽的起和落一樣充滿信心。
In extra-tropical countries, especially those on the polar side of the trade-winds, these breezes blow only in summer and autumn; for then only is the heat of the sun sufficiently intense to produce the requisite degree of atmospherical rarefaction over the land. This depends in a measure, also, on the character of the land upon which the sea breeze blows; for when the surface is arid, and the soil barren, the heating power of the sun is exerted with most effect. In such cases the sea breeze amounts to a gale of wind.
在非熱帶國家，特別是在信風帶的極地地區，海陸風只會在夏秋兩個季節出現，因為只有太陽的熱量才能為陸地上空氣稀薄的高處提供足夠的必需品。這在一定程度上也取決于海風吹過的陸地的特性，因為當地表干旱、土壤貧瘠時太陽能發揮出最為有效的熱能，海風也會變得逐漸強烈以至發展成陣風。
In the summer of the southern hemisphere the sea breeze is more powerfully developed at Valparaiso than at any other place to which my services afloat have led me. Here regularly in the afternoon, at this season, the sea breeze blows furiously: pebbles are torn up from the walks and whirled about the streets; people seek shelter; business is interrupted, and all communication from the shipping to the shore is cut off. Suddenly the winds and the sea, as if they had again heard the voice of rebuke, are hushed, and there in a great calm.
當南半球的夏季到來之時，瓦爾帕萊索的海風會變得比向導帶我去過的任何地方的海風都要強烈，這個季節的海風通常出現在下午且刮得相當猛烈：人行道上被風撕裂的鵝卵石在街道上不停打著轉；人們不得不四處尋找避風港；各家商店也被迫關閉；船和岸之間的所有聯系被中斷。忽地，風和海似乎是聽到了責備之聲，剎那間平靜了下來。
The lull that follows is delightful. The sky is without a cloud; the atmosphere is transparency itself; the Andes seem to draw near; the climate, always mild and soft, becomes now doubly sweet by the contrast. The evening invites abroad, and the population sally forth—the ladies in ball costume, for now there is not wind enough to disarrange the lightest curl.
隨之而來的平靜是令人愉悅的。天空蔚藍無云，連空氣也變得透明；遠處的安第斯山脈越來越清晰可見；一向溫和的氣候相比下來也變得無比地甜蜜美好?！耙雇怼背ㄩ_了雙臂邀請外來的客人，而客人們也紛紛前來，其中女士們大膽地穿上了盛裝，因為再也沒有巨風能吹亂她們耀眼美麗的卷發。
In the southern summer this change takes place day after day with the utmost regularity; and yet the calm always seems to surprise one, and to come before one has had time to realize that the furious sea wind could so soon be hushed. Presently the stars begin to peep out; timidly at first, as if to see whether the elements here below have ceased their strife, and whether the scene on Earth be such as they, from their bright spheres aloft, may shed their sweet influences upon.
南方的夏季來臨之時這種變化日復一日、極具規律；而令人驚愕的是如此狂暴的海風竟然可以瞬間停息。海風過后星星們探出頭來，它們羞怯地打量著下面的爭吵是否已經恢復寧靜，打量著地球是否已經在明亮的天空下展現出了自己最為光彩耀眼的景象。
