語法透視:
1. Your own hands must benumb with cold.
該句子中介詞with的意思是:
because of (sth); on account of (sth) 因為或由于(某事物)
典型例子:
blush with embarrassment 因難為情而臉紅
tremble with fear 嚇得發抖
shaking with laughter 笑得渾身直顫
Her fingers were numb with cold. 她手指凍木了。
2. Do sit down, my dear.
本句話中do是助動詞,用來強調句中的謂語動詞(要重讀),以加強語氣,此時謂語的時態由 do 來體現,其后的謂語動詞用原形。如:
He does speak well. 他的確說得好。
He said he would come and he did come. 他說他會來的,他果然來了。
以上用法若用于祈使句中,可使語氣更客氣友好或更有說服力。如:
Do sit down. 請坐請坐!
Do be careful. 一定要仔細。
【注】以上用 do 表示強調的用法只見于肯定句,不見于否定句或疑問句。如:
誤:You don't do look nice today.
誤:Don't do be careless.
3. I imagine her mother must have kept her up the entire evening.
該句話中的賓語從句“her mother must have kept her up the entire evening”使用了虛擬語氣。結構為must have done,這個結構表示對過去的事情的肯定猜測。
Must have done 是對過去發生的動作最有把握的猜測,意思是“一定”。例如:走到門外看到地上濕的,便猜“剛才一定下過雨了”,英語就是 It must have rained.
把握差一點的用should。例如:地上不是太濕,你猜“剛才應該下過雨吧。” It should have rained.
把握再差一點的用may。例如:It may have rained.剛才可能下過雨。
最不肯定的用might。例如:It might have rained。