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Using the examples of the Venus flytrap and the sundew, describe two ways that carnivorous plants get their nutrients.
請以捕蠅草和茅膏菜為例，描述食肉植物獲取營養物質的兩種途徑。
Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.
請聽生物課上的部分內容。
Now, plants, like animals, and like us for that matter,
植物，和動物一樣，在這方面和我們人類也一樣，
need nutrients, substances that provide nourishments, to survive, thrive and grow.
都需要營養物質，也就是能夠供給我們生存、發育和成長所需營養的物質。
We get our nutrients from the food we eat.
我們人類從所食用的食物中獲取營養物質。
Plants, though, most plants anyway, absorb their nutrients from the soil, right? Through their root systems?
而植物，大部分植物，都是從土壤中吸收養分的，對嗎？通過它們的根部系統。
OK, but there are plants that don't get their nutrients from the soil.
但是也有植物不是從土壤中獲得營養物質的。
The places they grow the soil is bad.
在它們生長的地方，土質不好。
So they get their nutrients from insects instead, from trapping and digesting insects.
所以它們就通過困住并消化掉昆蟲，從這些蟲子身上獲取營養。
They are called carnivorous plants.
這些植物就被稱為“食肉植物”。
Carnivorous plants capture insects in different ways.
食肉植物通過各種不同的方法抓住昆蟲。
They have different trapping mechanisms: active traps and passive traps.
它們有不同的陷阱機制：主動陷阱和被動陷阱。
A plant with an active trap, a good example is the Venus flytrap.
關于帶有主動陷阱的植物的一個很好的例子，就是捕蠅草。
The Venus flytrap actually moves to capture its prey or parts of it do anyway.
捕蠅草在捕捉獵物的時候會真的動起來，或者，不管怎么樣，它的某些部位會活動起來。
Its leaves, it has special leaves that are hinged in the middle,
捕蠅草長著很特別的葉子，會在中間折合起來。
the two halves of the leaves open and close sort of like a mouth to catch insects.
這些葉子的兩半通過開開合合來捕捉昆蟲，就像一張嘴一樣。
And on these leaves is a sweet nectar that attracts insects.
在這些葉子上有一種能夠吸引昆蟲的甜甜的花蜜。
Insects like the sweet stuff. And when they get lured in and land on the leaf, wham! The leaf springs shut.
昆蟲很喜歡這種甜甜的東西。而一旦它們被引誘著落在了葉子上，“砰”地一下，葉子就會閉合起來。
It's an active trap. And the insect springs it so to speak.
這就是一個主動陷阱。而且可以說是昆蟲使它閉合起來的。
The leaf quickly closes and forms a little cage, trapping the insect between the leaves.
葉子快速閉合形成了一個小小的籠子，把昆蟲困在了葉子之間。
The Venus flytrap is then able to digest the insect and get its nutrients.
然后捕蠅草就可以把昆蟲消化掉并得到它的營養物質了。
But other carnivorous plants, their methods are passive.
但是其他的食肉植物，它們的方法是被動的。
They don't have any moving parts to trap things.
它們并沒有任何可以活動的部位來困住東西。
They have passive traps, like the sundew plant.
它們有被動陷阱，像茅膏菜一樣。
The sundew plant also produces a sweet nectar that attracts insects.
茅膏菜也會分泌出一種能夠吸引昆蟲的甜甜的花蜜。
Its leaves are full of little hairs that secrete the sweet substance.
它的葉子上長滿了能夠分泌甜蜜物質的毫毛。
But what happens when insects land on sundew's leaves to get the sweet nectar?
不過，當昆蟲落在茅膏菜的葉子上想要吃掉這些甜甜的花蜜時，會發生什么呢？
Well, unfortunately for the insects, the hairs on the leaves also produce a super sticky glue-like substance.
對這些昆蟲來說很不幸的是，葉子上的這些毫毛同時也分泌出了一種超級黏的，像膠一樣的物質。
So an insect gets stuck and can't fly away.
于是昆蟲會被困在那兒，沒有辦法飛走。
It basically get glued there allowing the sundew to digest it and absorb nutrients.
它基本上會一直被黏在那兒，以便于茅膏菜將它消化并吸收營養物質。
