評論
打印
Using the example of the car advertisement, explain what is meant by implicit memory.
請用這則汽車廣告中的例子解釋說明內隱記憶的含義。
You have 45 seconds to read a passage from a psychology textbook. Begin reading now.
你有45秒的時間閱讀這篇選自心理學課本的文章。現在請開始閱讀。
Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a psychology class.
請聽心理學課上關于這個話題的部分內容。
OK, um, the first kind of memory, we're all very familiar with this, right?
第一種記憶，我們對它都很熟悉，對嗎？
You probably remember what you had for dinner last night.
你也許還記得昨天晚飯吃了什么。
You have a conscious memory of last night's dinner,
你對昨天的晚餐有著有意識的記憶，
so, um, if I ask you what did you eat last night, you could tell me.
所以，如果我問你你昨晚吃了什么，你完全能說出來。
But these other kinds of memories, implicit memories, they work differently.
但是，另外一種記憶——內隱記憶，是完全不同的。
Let's take an example from the world of advertising.
讓我們從廣告行業找個例子。
When you are driving along a highway, you see plenty of billboards, you know, road side advertisements.
你行駛在高速公路上的時候，經常會看見大量的廣告牌，就是那些路邊廣告。
You certainly don't remember them all, but they still affect you.
當然你并沒有把它們全部記下來，但是它們仍會對你產生影響。
Marketing researchers have shown, well to be specific,
營銷研究人員表示...為了更具體一點，
let's say there's a billboard on the highway advertising, uh, a car called the Panther.
我們假設高速公路的一個廣告牌上在宣傳一種叫黑豹的汽車。
The ad shows a big picture of the car and above the car, in huge letters, is the name of the car, Panther.
廣告上有一張這輛車的巨幅照片，在車的上方用大字寫著這輛車的名字：黑豹。
A lot of people drive by the billboard,
許多人都會開車經過這個廣告牌，
but ask those drivers later if they saw any advertisements for cars,
但是稍后如果問起這些司機是否看見過車的廣告，
and well, they'll think about it and a lot of them will say no.
他們往往會認真回想，但是很多人都會說沒見過。
They honestly don't remember seeing any.
他們確實不記得看見過類似的廣告。
They have no conscious memory of the Panther billboard.
他們對于這個黑豹車的廣告牌并沒有有意識的記憶。
So, you ask these same people a different question.
所以，你接著又問同樣一群人另一個問題。
You ask, um, OK, you ask them to name an animal starting with a letter P.
你讓他們說出一個以字母P開頭的動物的名字。
What do you think they'll answer? Do they say Pig?
你覺得他們會如何回答呢？你以為他們會說豬（Pig）嗎？
Pig is the most common animal that starts with the letter P.
豬是名字以字母P開頭的最常見的動物了。
But they don't say Pig. They say Panther!
但是他們并沒有說豬，而是說的黑豹（Panther）！
The billboard had an effect, even though the drivers don't remember ever seeing it.
即使司機們都不記得曾經見過這塊廣告牌，但它確實是有影響的。
