Population, race and ethnic groups 人口和種族

1)introduction 概要

①the third most populous country in the world,with 255.5 million people.

②a nation of immigrants.Immigration accounts for a major source of population growth.There are many racial and ethnic groups. Between 80% and 90% of immigration ot the United States now is from Asian and Hispanic counties.The first immigrants in American history came from England and Netherlands. Population movements are common in America.移

移民是人口增長的一個主要原因。到目前80%-90%的移民來自亞洲和西班牙語國家。美國歷史上最早的移民來自于英格蘭和荷蘭。人口遷徙在美國很普遍。

2)Black people and the Civil Rights Movement 黑人和民權運動

①blacks and slavery

the largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S., which 12.1 per cent of the population; the first blacks were brought to North America as slaves in 1619. 美國最大的少數人種是黑人，占人口的12。1%；1619年最早的人人作為奴隸被運至美國。

②The slave system was formally ended by Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation in 1863 and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Consititution in 1865.the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s demanded desegregation and equal right.1863年林肯總統的《解放宣言》和1865年的《憲法第13修正案》使奴隸制度正式瓦解。廢除種族隔離和人權平等導致了1960年的民權運動。