評論
打印
REPORT ON THE EXECUTION OF THE CENTRAL AND LOCAL BUDGETS FOR 2024 AND ON THE DRAFT CENTRAL AND LOCAL BUDGETS FOR 2025
關于2024年中央和地方預算執行情況與2025年中央和地方預算草案的報告
Third Session of the 14th National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China
March 5, 2025
——2025年3月5日在第十四屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議上
Ministry of Finance
財政部
Esteemed Deputies,
各位代表：
The Ministry of Finance has been entrusted by the State Council to submit this report on the execution of the central and local budgets for 2024 and on the draft central and local budgets for 2025 to the present Third Session of the 14th National People’s Congress (NPC) for your deliberation and for comments from members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
受國務院委托，現將2024年中央和地方預算執行情況與2025年中央和地方預算草案提請十四屆全國人大三次會議審查，并請全國政協各位委員提出意見。
I. Execution of the 2024 Central and Local Budgets
一、2024年中央和地方預算執行情況
The year 2024 marked the 75th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, and it was also a crucial year for accomplishing the objectives and tasks laid down in the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025). Facing a grave and complex landscape marked by growing external pressures and internal difficulties, all local authorities and government departments, working under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, firmly followed the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and fully applied the guiding principles from the 20th CPC National Congress, as well as the second and third plenary sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee. Acting on the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, we rigorously executed the budgets reviewed and approved at the second session of the 14th NPC in line with the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability. We improved macro regulation in a timely manner to ensure effective implementation of all adopted policies while also rolling out a package of new policies. As a result, the main objectives and tasks for economic and social development in 2024 were accomplished, with solid progress made toward high-quality development. The development of new quality productive forces was steadily advanced, reform and opening up were deepened, risks in key areas were effectively defused in a well-ordered way, and robust support was ensured for public wellbeing. Thanks to these efforts, we also saw a further improvement in China’s economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, and composite national strength, as well as solid new strides being made in advancing Chinese modernization. The execution of both the central and local budgets was satisfactory.
2024年是中華人民共和國成立75周年，是實現“十四五”規劃目標任務的關鍵一年。面對外部壓力加大、內部困難增多的復雜嚴峻形勢，在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，各地區各部門堅持以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，全面貫徹黨的二十大和二十屆二中、三中全會精神，按照黨中央、國務院決策部署，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，嚴格執行十四屆全國人大二次會議審查批準的預算，適時優化宏觀調控，有效落實存量政策，實施一攬子增量政策，全年經濟社會發展主要目標任務順利完成，高質量發展扎實推進，新質生產力穩步發展，改革開放持續深化，重點領域風險化解有序有效，民生保障扎實有力，我國經濟實力、科技實力、綜合國力持續增強，中國式現代化邁出新的堅實步伐。中央和地方預算執行情況較好。
Revenue and expenditure in the general public budget in 2024
（一）2024年一般公共預算收支情況
1) National general public budget
1．全國一般公共預算
Revenue in the national general public budget increased by 1.3% over 2023 to 21.970212 trillion yuan, representing 98.1% of the budgeted figure. Breaking this down, tax receipts fell by 3.4% to 17.497201 trillion yuan – a decrease due mainly to a sizeable drop in revenues for certain tax categories owing to the continuous decline in producer prices along with other factors. Non-tax revenue, meanwhile, rose by 25.4% to 4.473011 trillion yuan. This increase was primarily due to the following factors: a one-time arrangement for relevant central departments to turn in special proceeds, an intensified effort on the part of local authorities to more effectively put state-owned resources and assets to good use in accordance with laws and regulations, and a sizeable increase in revenues from both state capital operations and compensated use of state-owned resources (assets). With the addition of 2.54105 trillion yuan – comprising transfers from budget stabilization funds and from the budgets of government-managed funds and state capital operations as well as utilized carryover and surplus funds – total revenue came to 24.511262 trillion yuan. Expenditure in the national general public budget rose by 3.6% to 28.461225 trillion yuan, representing 99.7% of the budgeted figure. With the addition of 110.037 billion yuan used to replenish the Central Budget Stabilization Fund, total expenditure came to 28.571262 trillion yuan. Total expenditure exceeded total revenue, leaving a deficit of 4.06 trillion yuan, which is consistent with the figure projected.
全國一般公共預算收入219702.12億元，為預算的98.1%，比2023年增長1.3%。其中，稅收收入174972.01億元，下降3.4%，主要是受工業生產者出廠價格持續下降等因素影響，部分稅種收入下降較多；非稅收入44730.11億元，增長25.4%，主要是一次性安排中央單位上繳專項收益以及地方依法依規加大國有資源資產盤活力度，國有資本經營收入和國有資源（資產）有償使用收入增加較多。加上從預算穩定調節基金、政府性基金預算、國有資本經營預算調入資金及使用結轉結余25410.5億元，收入總量為245112.62億元。全國一般公共預算支出284612.25億元，完成預算的99.7%，增長3.6%。加上補充中央預算穩定調節基金1100.37億元，支出總量為285712.62億元。收支總量相抵，赤字40600億元，與預算持平。
2) Central general public budget
2．中央一般公共預算
Revenue in the central general public budget increased by 0.9% to 10.043571 trillion yuan, representing 98.1% of the budgeted figure. Adding in 248.2 billion yuan from the Central Budget Stabilization Fund, 90 billion yuan from the budgets of central government-managed funds and central government state capital operations, and 500 billion yuan carried over from 2023, total revenue came to 10.881771 trillion yuan. Expenditure in the central government’s general public budget remained largely unchanged from 2023, totaling 14.111734 trillion yuan, equating to 98% of the budgeted amount. Breaking this down, central government expenditures increased by 6.5% to 4.072018 trillion yuan, representing 98.1% of the budgeted figure; transfer payments to local governments, meanwhile, dropped by 2.4%, to 10.039716 trillion yuan, representing 98.4% of the budgeted figure. This was mainly due to the fact that actual expenditures on some items were lower than the budgeted figures. With the addition of 110.037 billion yuan contributed to the Central Budget Stabilization Fund, total expenditure reached 14.221771 trillion yuan. Total expenditure exceeded total revenue, leaving a deficit of 3.34 trillion yuan, which is consistent with the figure projected.
中央一般公共預算收入100435.71億元，為預算的98.1%，增長0.9%。加上從中央預算穩定調節基金調入2482億元，從中央政府性基金預算、中央國有資本經營預算調入900億元，上年結轉資金5000億元，收入總量為108817.71億元。中央一般公共預算支出141117.34億元，完成預算的98%，與2023年基本持平，其中，本級支出40720.18億元，完成預算的98.1%，增長6.5%；對地方轉移支付100397.16億元，完成預算的98.4%，下降2.4%，主要是部分據實安排支出低于預算。加上補充中央預算穩定調節基金1100.37億元，支出總量為142217.71億元。收支總量相抵，中央財政赤字33400億元，與預算持平。
The main revenue items in the central government’s general public budget were as follows: Domestic value-added tax (VAT) fell by 3.9% to 3.32225 trillion yuan, representing 92.1% of the budgeted figure. This decrease was mainly due to the fact that the producer prices were lower than expected. Domestic excise tax revenue grew by 2.6% to 1.653215 trillion yuan, representing 95.9% of the budget projection. Corporate income tax revenue rose by 0.1% to 2.643588 trillion yuan, representing 96.3% of the budgeted figure. Individual income tax revenue fell by 1.7% to 871.317 billion yuan, representing 92.5% of the budget projection. This decrease was largely driven by a fall in individual income tax revenue from property transfer income. Revenue from stamp duty on securities transactions dropped by 29.1% to 127.588 billion yuan, representing 111.9% of the projected budget. This reduction in revenue was largely attributable to the implementation of a policy halving stamp duty on securities transactions, which was introduced in mid-2023, throughout 2024. Revenue from customs duties fell by 5.7% to 244.301 billion yuan, representing 90.8% of the budgeted figure; and revenue from VAT and excise tax on imports decreased by 1.6% to 1.917746 trillion yuan, representing 94.6% of the budgeted figure. This reduction was largely driven by a fall in both commodity prices and general trade import volumes.
中央一般公共預算主要收入項目具體情況是：國內增值稅33222.5億元，為預算的92.1%，下降3.9%，主要是工業生產者出廠價格低于預期。國內消費稅16532.15億元，為預算的95.9%，增長2.6%。企業所得稅26435.88億元，為預算的96.3%，增長0.1%。個人所得稅8713.17億元，為預算的92.5%，下降1.7%，主要是財產轉讓所得相關個人所得稅收入下降。證券交易印花稅1275.88億元，為預算的111.9%，下降29.1%，主要是2023年年中出臺的減半征收證券交易印花稅政策在2024年全年實施，造成部分減收。關稅2443.01億元，為預算的90.8%，下降5.7%；進口貨物增值稅、消費稅19177.46億元，為預算的94.6%，下降1.6%，主要是大宗商品價格下行和一般貿易進口下降。
Central government expenditures reached 4.072018 trillion yuan, accounting for 14.3% of expenditure in the national general public budget. The main expenditures were as follows: Diplomatic spending totaled 59.519 billion yuan, representing 97.9% of the budgeted figure. National defense spending was 1.665208 trillion yuan, representing 100% of the budgeted figure. Public security expenses totaled 226.256 billion yuan, representing 99.4% of the budgeted figure. Spending on education came to 166.071 billion yuan, representing 100.7% of the budgeted figure. Spending on science and technology was 361.909 billion yuan, representing 97.6% of the budgeted figure. Spending on stockpiling grain, edible oils, and other materials totaled 124.038 billion yuan, representing 88.2% of the budgeted figure, mainly due to a decrease in investments from the central government budget. Interest payments on debt amounted to 757.315 billion yuan, representing 97.4% of the budgeted figure.
中央一般公共預算本級支出40720.18億元，占全國一般公共預算支出的14.3%，主要支出項目具體情況是：外交支出595.19億元，完成預算的97.9%。國防支出16652.08億元，完成預算的100%。公共安全支出2262.56億元，完成預算的99.4%。教育支出1660.71億元，完成預算的100.7%。科學技術支出3619.09億元，完成預算的97.6%。糧油物資儲備支出1240.38億元，完成預算的88.2%，主要是相關中央預算內投資減少。債務付息支出7573.15億元，完成預算的97.4%。
Central government transfer payments to local governments were as follows. General transfer payments totaled 8.722288 trillion yuan, representing 97.7% of the budgeted figure, primarily due to actual expenditures on emergency and disaster response according to relevant policies. Special transfer payments came to 817.428 billion yuan, representing 104.9% of the budgeted figure, mainly due to the fact that some central government expenditures included under central government budgetary investments were recategorized as transfer payments to local governments. One-off subsidies for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction and capacity building for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief totaled 500 billion yuan, representing 100% of the budgeted figure.
中央對地方轉移支付具體情況是：一般性轉移支付87222.88億元，完成預算的97.7%，主要是應急救災等支出根據政策據實安排。專項轉移支付8174.28億元，完成預算的104.9%，主要是部分中央預算內投資由中央本級轉列對地方轉移支付。一次性安排災后恢復重建和提升防災減災救災能力補助資金5000億元，完成預算的100%。
In 2024, 110.037 billion yuan of unspent funds in the central general public budget (including 50 billion yuan of unused central government reserve funds that was transferred to unspent funds in 2024) was contributed in full to the Central Budget Stabilization Fund. Adding in 2.98 billion yuan of carryover and surplus funds from central government-managed funds, the balance of the Central Budget Stabilization Fund totaled 273.922 billion yuan at the end of 2024.
2024年中央一般公共預算結余1100.37億元（含中央預備費500億元，未安排使用，轉入當年支出結余），全部補充中央預算穩定調節基金。加上中央政府性基金結轉結余資金補充29.8億元后，2024年年末中央預算穩定調節基金余額2739.22億元。
本文轉載自英語巴士網，如有侵權，請聯系我們刪除。
