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Covid pandemic linked to surge in child and teen diabetes
疫情期間確診糖尿病的未成年患者人數大增
There has been an unusual rise in the number of children and teenagers around the world diagnosed with type 1 diabetes since Covid, say researchers.
研究人員稱，自新冠疫情發生以來，世界各地確診1型糖尿病的兒童和青少年人數大增，這一現象很反常。
A new study in JAMA Network Open journal has collated available data from different countries on more than 38,000 young people diagnosed during the pandemic.
發表在《美國醫學會雜志·網絡開放》上的一項新研究從不同國家收集整理了超3.8萬名在疫情期間確診1型糖尿病的未成年患者的可用數據。
The authors describe the increase in cases of diabetes as "substantial".
研究作者稱，患上1型糖尿病的未成年人數量“大幅”增加。
Before the pandemic, the incidence rate of childhood type 1 diabetes was already increasing - by about 3% a year.
在疫情前，1型糖尿病的兒童發病率已經在上升，每年增幅約為3%。
The recent study found: there was a 14% rise in the rate during the first year of the pandemic, compared to before Covid; in the second year of Covid, the rate was up about 27% on pre-pandemic levels.
這項新研究發現：疫情第一年1型糖尿病的兒童發病率相比疫情前上升了14%；疫情第二年，發病率相比疫情前上升了27%左右。
What is type 1 diabetes?
什么是1型糖尿病？
People with the condition have to closely monitor their blood sugar level and take insulin to control it because their body cannot do this automatically.
1型糖尿病患者必須密切監測血糖水平，并注射胰島素來控制血糖水平，因為他們的身體無法自主調節。
That is because insulin-producing cells in the pancreas are mistakenly destroyed by the body's immune system.
這是因為患者體內的免疫系統誤把胰腺中生成胰島素的細胞消滅掉了。
It occurs in children and adults, but the causes are not fully known and there is currently no cure.
兒童和成年人都可能患上1型糖尿病，但是原因尚不完全清楚，目前也沒有療愈的辦法。
What's behind the rise?
發病率為什么會增加？
Some scientists believe it is possible that lockdowns and physical distancing during Covid meant many children did not get sufficient exposure to germs and missed out on this additional protection.
一些科學家認為，這可能是因為疫情期間的封鎖和隔離導致許多孩子沒有充分接觸細菌，從而失去了細菌帶來的額外保護力。
Hilary Nathan, Policy Director at type 1 diabetes charity JDRFUK, urged people to look out for the symptoms of type 1 diabetes: tiredness, thirst, needing to go to the toilet to urinate more often, and weight loss or increasing thinness.
英國青少年糖尿病研究基金會（研究1型糖尿病的慈善機構）的政策主管希拉里·內森敦促人們注意1型糖尿病的癥狀：疲倦、口渴、排尿頻率增加、體重下降或日漸消瘦。
"Knowing these signs and getting an early diagnosis and swift treatment can be life-saving," she said.
她說：“了解這些信號，早診斷早治療可以挽救孩子的生命。”
英文來源：BBC
翻譯&編輯：丹妮
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