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Photo credit: dynamosquito
圖片引自：dynamosquito
3、Elamite Civilization
埃蘭文明
Although their name for themselves was Haltam, the name “Elam” comes from the Hebraic transcription of the word. The Elamite civilization consisted mostly of land inside present-day Iran, along with a small portion of Iraq. One of the earliest civilizations, it was founded sometime in the third millennium B.C. and is by far the oldest in all of Iran. Situated along the borders of Sumer and Akkad, the land of Elam was similar to its neighbors, although its language was altogether unique.
“埃蘭”這個名字來源于希伯來語單詞的音標(biāo)，盡管埃蘭人稱自己國家的名字為Haltam（意為“神的國家”）。埃蘭文明主要在如今伊朗的境內(nèi)，同時也包括了伊拉克的一小部分。它始建于大約公元前3000年，是最早的文明之一，也是目前整個伊朗最古老的文明。雖然埃蘭的語言是完全獨一無二的，但位于蘇美爾和阿卡德的邊界地帶，埃蘭的土地與它的鄰國是相似的。
Although they lasted as an independent kingdom for at least a millennium, if not longer, very little is known about them because Elamite scribes were not concerned with documenting their mythology, literature, or any scientific advancements. Writing was mostly seen as a way to honor the king or perform administrative duties. Due to this fact, they made a rather small impact on the development of future civilizations, especially when compared to the Egyptians and Sumerians.
盡管作為一個獨立的王國持續(xù)了至少千年，也可能更長的時間，但很少有人了解他們，因為埃蘭的史官并不關(guān)心記錄他們國家的神話，或者任何科學(xué)上的進(jìn)步。書寫在當(dāng)時幾乎被看做是一種尊敬國王或者是履行行政職責(zé)的方式。出于這個因素，他們對未來文明的發(fā)展造成的影響相當(dāng)小，尤其是與埃及人和蘇美爾人相比較。
