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Even if he'd wanted to look the other way, political reality made it impossible.
即使他有別的看法，政治現(xiàn)實(shí)也不允許。
Ireland now boasted a block of 59 MPs who had no intention of allowing London to neglect Irish affairs.
愛爾蘭現(xiàn)在擁有59名議員，倫敦再也無法忽略愛爾蘭的事務(wù)。
At their vanguard was Charles Stewart Parnell, whose fate would be tied to Gladstone's as he inched towards home rule.
查爾斯·斯圖爾特·帕內(nèi)爾是他們的先驅(qū)，當(dāng)他逐漸贊同地方自治時(shí)，也和格拉斯頓的命運(yùn)綁在了一起。
A Protestant landowner from County Wicklow and an MP, Parnell was the most unlikely incarnation of Irish anger, hopes and dreams.
作為威克洛郡的地主和新教徒，同時(shí)也是一名議員，帕內(nèi)爾本不可能成為愛爾蘭的憤怒、希望和夢想的化身。
At this distance, without the sound of his voice, or the feeling of his presence, it's hard to recapture what made this patrician so charismatic a leader.
隔著時(shí)空，既聽不到他的聲音，也感覺不到他的存在，于是我們無從得知這位貴族是怎樣成為這樣一名有魅力的領(lǐng)袖。
Perhaps it's just because he went so much against the grain, did and said things a gentleman was not supposed to do; a landlord who burned for the sufferings of the landless;
這或許是因?yàn)樗偸歉窀癫蝗耄e止言行完全不像個(gè)紳士，作為地主，反為失去土地農(nóng)民的悲慘遭遇吶喊，
an Irishman who could play the parliamentary game like a Friday night fiddler, that Parnell was such a god, in the pub and at the racetrack -- and a god all too obviously made of flesh and blood.
本身是一名愛爾蘭人，投身政治卻游刃有余，所以帕內(nèi)爾在酒館和馬場被奉若神明，并且是有著血肉之軀的天主。
Parnell's power to sway the Liberals and Gladstone came because he was riding two political horses:
帕內(nèi)爾能撼動自由黨和格拉斯頓的地位，原因在于他同時(shí)駕馭著兩匹政治馬車：
The well-behaved mare of the ballot box, and the fiery stallion of countryside violence.
一是投票箱前溫和馴順的牝馬，一是鄉(xiāng)村暴力中熱血奔馳的牡馬。
This had been triggered by a collapse in demand for Irish cattle and butter.
這始于對愛爾蘭牲畜和黃油需求暴跌。
Small farmers found themselves struggling to pay their rents. Large numbers faced eviction. They fought back with ferocity cattle maiming, arson, murder.
小農(nóng)們捉襟見肘，連租金都負(fù)擔(dān)不起。許多人房舍不保。他們以暴力相抗，殘害牲畜，殺人放火。
Parnell, as President of the National Land League, was the mouthpiece for airing the grievances of the rural population.
做為國家土地聯(lián)盟領(lǐng)袖，帕內(nèi)爾是農(nóng)村人民表達(dá)不滿的喉舌。
In 1881, in an effort to pre-empt more violence, Gladstone pushed through a land act which theoretically gave the government the right to intervene in landlord-tenant relations.
1881年，為預(yù)防暴力升級，格拉斯頓推動通過了一項(xiàng)土地法案，理論上賦予政府干涉土地租賃關(guān)系的權(quán)力。
Suspicions, though, had a way of overcoming trust.
然而，懷疑總有辦法動搖信任。
On the Irish side, it was thought that without the threat of violence, boycotts, strikes, hits on landlords, the British would never get really serious about land reform.
愛爾蘭方面認(rèn)為，沒有暴力、聯(lián)合抵制、罷工、打擊地主等威脅，英國政府永遠(yuǎn)不會嚴(yán)肅對待土地改革。
On the British side, Gladstone was told by the hardliners in his government to get tough on militants.
而在英國方面，政府中的強(qiáng)硬派告誡格拉斯頓要嚴(yán)懲激進(jìn)分子。
As the apparent figurehead of the militants, Parnell was thrown into Kilmainham Jail.
做為激進(jìn)分子中最顯眼的名義領(lǐng)袖，帕內(nèi)爾被關(guān)進(jìn)基爾梅納姆監(jiān)獄。
But Gladstone soon realised it was a futile gesture and that dialogue was the only way forward.
但格拉斯頓很快意識到此乃下策，對話才是解決問題的唯一途徑。
Then, just when it seemed that progress might be possible, on May 6th, 1882, Lord Frederick Cavendish and his Under-Secretary, Thomas Burke, were attacked and stabbed repeatedly while walking in Dublin's Phoenix Park.
之后，正當(dāng)一切可能有所進(jìn)展時(shí)，在1882年5月6日，弗雷德里克·卡文迪許勛爵和他的副手托馬斯·柏克在都柏林鳳凰公園散步時(shí)遇襲，身中數(shù)刀。
Gladstone took it personally. Frederick Cavendish was not just the Chief Secretary for Ireland, he was also, for Gladstone, family, his wife Catherine's nephew.
格拉斯頓對此很在意。弗雷德里克·卡文迪許不僅是愛爾蘭的布政司，更是格拉斯頓的家人，他妻子凱瑟琳的侄子。
Parnell was horrified, offered Gladstone his resignation and assumed that the Phoenix Park murders had all but killed off any serious chance of collaboration.
帕內(nèi)爾十分恐慌，向格拉斯頓請辭，認(rèn)為鳳凰公園兇殺案毫無疑問，破壞了一切合作的可能。
But Gladstone did exactly what the hard men of both sides did not expect him to do.
但格拉斯頓的做法卻讓雙方的頑固人物大失所望。
He rejected the resignation and began a correspondence with Parnell which made their relationship much closer.
他拒絕了辭呈，并開始與帕內(nèi)爾聯(lián)絡(luò)，這使他們的關(guān)系更加緊密。
