評(píng)論
打印
Aav2 is a parvovirus that cannot replicate on its own but needs assistance from a “helper” virus such as an adenovirus or a herpesvirus.
Aav2是一種不能自行復(fù)制的細(xì)小病毒，但需要腺病毒或皰疹病毒等“輔助”病毒的幫助。
It is not known for causing illness but it is very contagious.
雖然不知道它會(huì)導(dǎo)致疾病，但它的傳染性很強(qiáng)。
Most children are exposed to it at a young age and it lays dormant in the cells, including those of the liver, until infection with a helper virus triggers its replication.
大多數(shù)兒童在很小的時(shí)候就接觸到它，它在肝臟細(xì)胞等細(xì)胞中休眠，直到感染輔助病毒觸發(fā)它的復(fù)制。
The results from the two studies suggest that coinfection by aav2 and adenovirus -- or sometimes possibly a herpesvirus called hhv6, which was found in a few children -- is the cause of the mysterious hepatitis illness.
這兩項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果表明，aav2和腺病毒(有時(shí)可能是在一些兒童體內(nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種名為hhv6的皰疹病毒)的共同感染是神秘的肝炎疾病的原因。
Given how much aav2 and adenovirus circulate, lots of children probably get co-infected.
考慮到aav2和腺病毒的傳播量，許多兒童可能會(huì)同時(shí)感染。
Why, then, do only a small number of them develop the strange hepatitis?
那么，為什么只有一小部分人會(huì)患上這種奇怪的肝炎呢？
The researchers in Glasgow looked for an answer in the children’s genes.
格拉斯哥的研究人員在孩子們的基因中尋找答案。
In eight of the nine children with the strange hepatitis they found variations in the Human Leukocyte Antigen gene that were not commonly found in the 58 comparison children.
在9名患有奇怪肝炎的兒童中，有8名發(fā)現(xiàn)了人類(lèi)白細(xì)胞抗原基因的變異，而這在58名對(duì)照兒童中并不常見(jiàn)。
The prevalence of these specific variations is highest in northern Europe -- the region where most of the strange hepatitis cases have been reported.
這些特殊變異的流行率在北歐最高，大多數(shù)不明原因肝炎病例都來(lái)自這里。
It is unclear how aav2 is causing the illness.
目前還不清楚aav2是如何導(dǎo)致這種疾病的。
The researchers did not find viral particles in the samples taken when the children were ill, but detected large amounts of rna traces of aav2 -- which suggest that copious replication had happened in the past.
研究人員在兒童患病時(shí)采集的樣本中沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)病毒顆粒，但檢測(cè)到了大量aav2的RNA痕跡-這表明過(guò)去曾發(fā)生過(guò)大量復(fù)制。
This means that an indirect viral mechanism may be responsible, such as an immune reaction to aav2 that leads, in rare cases, to acute liver inflammation.
這意味著一種間接的病毒機(jī)制可能起作用，例如對(duì)aav2的免疫反應(yīng)，在罕見(jiàn)情況下導(dǎo)致急性肝炎癥。
Such cases of unexplained hepatitis are not new.
這類(lèi)原因不明的肝炎病例并不新鮮。
But lowered immunity to viruses among children as a result of less mixing during the covid-19 pandemic led to many such cases at the same time.
但在新冠肺炎大流行期間，由于兒童與病毒接觸較少，導(dǎo)致兒童對(duì)病毒的免疫力降低，導(dǎo)致許多此類(lèi)病例同時(shí)發(fā)生。
The world is acutely aware that exposure to novel viruses can cause pandemics, but a lack of exposure to bugs can cause problems too.
全世界都敏銳地意識(shí)到，接觸新型病毒會(huì)導(dǎo)致大流行，但缺乏對(duì)細(xì)菌的接觸也會(huì)造成問(wèn)題。
