評論
打印
Joe Biden's advisers
喬·拜登的顧問
Top picks
頂配
A diverse, left-leaning economic team conveys the president-elect's priorities
一個多元化、左傾的經(jīng)濟(jì)團(tuán)隊傳達(dá)了當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)的首要任務(wù)
Joe biden's record as president may well hinge on his response to America's economic woes. On December 1st the president-elect launched his effort to right the economy, when he formally unveiled his choices for top policy jobs. His economic team stands out for its diversity, its interest in climate change, and its emphasis on the welfare of working people, sending a clear signal of Mr Biden's priorities. Its overriding challenge, though, will be to repair an economy battered by covid-19.
作為總統(tǒng)，拜登的政績很可能取決于他對美國經(jīng)濟(jì)困境的反應(yīng)。12月1日，這位當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)正式公布了其最高政策職位人選，開始為恢復(fù)經(jīng)濟(jì)做出努力。他的經(jīng)濟(jì)團(tuán)隊的突出特點在于其多元化、對氣候變化的關(guān)注以及對勞動人民福利的重視，這給拜登發(fā)送了明確的優(yōu)先順序信號。不過，最大的挑戰(zhàn)還是修復(fù)被新冠重創(chuàng)后的美國經(jīng)濟(jì)。
Many of the names on the slate are familiar. If confirmed by the Senate, Janet Yellen will become America's first female treasury secretary. She is assembling one of the more impressive public-service careers in the economics profession, having led the Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) during the Clinton administration, and the Federal Reserve from 2014 to 2018.
候選人名單上的許多名字都很熟悉。如果獲得參議院批準(zhǔn)，那么珍妮特·耶倫將成為美國的首位女財政部長。她曾在克林頓政府時期領(lǐng)導(dǎo)過經(jīng)濟(jì)顧問委員會(CEA)，并在2014年至2018年期間領(lǐng)導(dǎo)過美聯(lián)儲，目前正在為經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域中最令人印象深刻的公共服務(wù)事業(yè)做準(zhǔn)備。
Experience aside, Ms Yellen's broad acceptability across Democratic factions no doubt was a point in her favour. By contrast, Mr Biden's CEA—an advisory body of wonks that aims to ground the president's policies in sound economics—may be the most progressive in recent memory. It will be led by Cecilia Rouse, an economist at Princeton University, who if confirmed would be the first black woman to chair the council. Ms Rouse is no stranger to Washington, having advised both Bill Clinton and Barack Obama during their terms. She has also done impressive research; her work showing that student debt may deter low-income students from enrolling at university, for instance, may be especially pertinent given a running debate in Washington over the wisdom of cancelling student loans. Jared Bernstein, who advised Mr Biden on economic policy during his vice-presidency and has long been an advocate of pro-labour policies, will join Ms Rouse. So too will Heather Boushey, who runs the Washington Centre for Equitable Growth, a left-leaning think-tank. Ms Boushey has argued forcefully that generous government support for women and families is a key ingredient of broad-based prosperity. (Neither Mr Bernstein nor Ms Boushey require Senate confirmation.)
拋開經(jīng)驗不談，耶倫在民主黨各派系間的廣泛接受度無疑是對她有利的一點。相比之下，拜登的經(jīng)濟(jì)顧問委員會——一個旨在使總統(tǒng)的政策在穩(wěn)健的經(jīng)濟(jì)中得到貫徹的專家顧問機(jī)構(gòu)——可能是近年來最為進(jìn)步的。該委員會將由普林斯頓大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家塞西莉亞·勞斯領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，如果獲得批準(zhǔn)，她將成為首位擔(dān)任該委員會主席的黑人女性。勞斯對華盛頓并不陌生，她曾在比爾·克林頓和巴拉克·奧巴馬任期內(nèi)擔(dān)任過顧問。此外她還做過一些令人印象深刻的研究。例如，她的研究表明，學(xué)生債務(wù)可能會阻礙低收入家庭的學(xué)生上大學(xué)。考慮到華盛頓正在就取消學(xué)生貸款是否明智進(jìn)行的辯論，這一觀點可能尤其切題。賈里德·伯恩斯坦將加入勞斯的行列，他曾在拜登擔(dān)任副總統(tǒng)期間擔(dān)任經(jīng)濟(jì)政策顧問，長期以來一直是親勞工政策的倡導(dǎo)者。左傾智庫華盛頓公平增長中心的負(fù)責(zé)人希瑟·布希也將加入，她曾有力地指出政府對婦女和家庭的慷慨支持是全面繁榮的一個關(guān)鍵因素。(伯恩斯坦和布希都不需要經(jīng)過參議院的批準(zhǔn)。)
Other appointments have been greeted less warmly by the left. Brian Deese, who has been chosen to lead the National Economic Council, the president's top economic-policymaking body, worked at BlackRock, an asset manager, after serving as an adviser to Mr Obama—causing some to worry about a revolving door between government and business. But Mr Deese's portfolio, which involves directing investment in climate and sustainability initiatives, has muted some of the criticism—and shows the importance that Mr Biden places on tackling climate change.
其他任命則不那么受左派歡迎。布萊恩·迪斯被選為總統(tǒng)的最高經(jīng)濟(jì)政策制定機(jī)構(gòu)——國家經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，在為奧巴馬做過顧問之后，他曾在資產(chǎn)管理公司貝萊德工作，這讓一些人擔(dān)心政府和企業(yè)之間會出現(xiàn)一扇旋轉(zhuǎn)門。但迪斯的投資組合(包括對氣候和可持續(xù)發(fā)展項目的直接投資)平息了一些批評，同時彰顯了拜登對應(yīng)對氣候變化的重視。
Neera Tanden, the head of the Centre for American Progress, a left-leaning thinktank, and Mr Biden's choice to run the Office of Management and Budget, is a more divisive figure, known for picking fights with far-left supporters of Senator Bernie Sanders. Republican senators have expressed discomfort with her nomination too; she may face the fiercest confirmation row of them all. But confirmation will be only the first of the team's many challenges. Reforming the economy in the face of a slump and Republican opposition will be no easy task.
拜登選擇了左傾智庫美國進(jìn)步中心的負(fù)責(zé)人尼拉·坦登執(zhí)掌管理和預(yù)算部門。坦登是一個更具爭議性的人物，因其與參議員伯尼·桑德斯的極左支持者的爭吵而聞名。共和黨參議員也對她的提名表示不滿，她可能會面臨最激烈的確認(rèn)之爭。不過“批準(zhǔn)”只是該團(tuán)隊面臨的眾多挑戰(zhàn)中的第一個。面對經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退和共和黨的反對，經(jīng)濟(jì)改革并非易事。
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