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Financial crimes come in all shapes and sizes,
金融犯罪的形式和規(guī)模各不相同，
from politicians siphoning off state wealth and officials taking bungs to terrorists buying arms and gangs laundering drug profits.
從政客們挪用國家財富和官員們貪污腐敗到恐怖分子購買武器和團(tuán)伙洗錢販毒。
A common element is the use of shell companies, partnerships or foundations to hide the identities of those moving dirty money.
一個常見的因素是利用空殼公司、合伙企業(yè)或基金會來隱藏那些轉(zhuǎn)移非法錢財之人的身份。
Such brass-plate entities, whose ownership is typically hard if not impossible to trace,
這種黃銅牌實體的所有權(quán)即便不是不可追蹤，也是很難追查的到，
were at the heart of the theft from 1MDB, a Malaysian state fund, and a $230bn money-rinsing scandal at Danske Bank.
它們是馬來西亞國家主權(quán)基金1MDB盜竊案以及丹斯克銀行2300億美元洗錢丑聞的核心。
They have been dubbed the "getaway cars" of financial crime.
它們被稱為金融犯罪的“逃跑車”
NGOs such as Global Witness and Transparency International have long highlighted shells' pernicious role,
非政府組織，如全球見證組織和透明國際，長期以來一直在強(qiáng)調(diào)空殼公司的有害作用
picking up support from government investigators sick of trails going cold.
得到了那些厭倦追查不到蹤跡的政府調(diào)查人員的支持。
Their biggest success was to persuade Britain, in 2016, to become the first G20 country to set up a public register of company owners.
他們最大的成功是在2016年說服英國成為首個建立公司所有人公眾登記冊的G20國家。
The rest of the European Union is set to follow once a new money-laundering directive takes effect. That leaves plenty of gaps.
一旦新的反洗錢指令生效，歐盟其他國家也將效仿。這留下了很多缺口。
But two of the biggest, Britain's offshore territories and America, are also moving in the direction of ditching secrecy
但是其中最大的兩個，英國的近海領(lǐng)土和美國，也在朝著放棄保密的方向前進(jìn)。
Earlier this month Britain's three Crown Dependencies—Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man—
月初，英國的三個皇家屬地—澤西島、根西島和馬恩島—
issued a surprise joint statement pledging to table legislation to introduce public registers by 2023.
發(fā)布了一份出人意料的聯(lián)合聲明，承諾在2023年之前通過立法引入公眾登記冊。
They had long insisted that efforts by British MPs to force such a move could trigger a constitutional crisis.
長期以來，他們一直堅持認(rèn)為，英國國會議員強(qiáng)行實施這一舉措的努力可能引發(fā)一場憲法危機(jī)。
But the growing clout of the transparency movement persuaded them to jump rather than wait to be pushed.
但透明運(yùn)動的影響力越來越大，這促使他們躍起而不是被動地等待。
Were three of the biggest offshore financial centres to end secrecy,
如果三家最大的離岸金融中心終止保密，
it would make it harder for others—including Britain's Caribbean territories,
這會讓其他的金融中心更加難以—包括英國的加勒比地區(qū)
such as the British Virgin Islands and the Cayman Islands—to keep owners in the shadows.
如英屬維爾京群島以及開曼群島—掩護(hù)所有者們。
But campaigners' optimism is tinged with caution.
但活動人士的樂觀中帶有一絲謹(jǐn)慎。
The Crown Dependencies envisage a staged implementation, with access first for police,
皇家屬地想要分階段實施，先是警察
then for financial firms doing due diligence, and only later for everyone else. Some fear a ruse to buy time.
然后再是做盡職調(diào)查的金融公司，最后是其他人。有些人擔(dān)心這是一個拖延時間的詭計。
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