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In 2011 Hector Levesque of the University of Toronto became annoyed by systems that “passed” the Turing Test by joking and avoiding direct answers.
2011年多倫多大學Hector Levesque對那些靠開玩笑和不直接回答問題”通過“圖靈測試的系統感到惱火。
He later asked to borrow MrWinograd’s name and the format of his dissertation’s puzzle to pose a more genuine test of machine “understanding”: the Winograd Schema.
隨后他借用Winograd先生的名字和他論文中的謎題格式制作了一個更加真實的機器“理解能力”測試：Winograd模式。
The answers to its battery of questions were obvious to humans but would require computers to have some reasoning ability and some knowledge of the real world.
其整組問題的答案對人類來說都是顯而易見的，但卻需要計算機有一定的推理能力和對現實世界了解。
The first official Winograd Schema Challenge was held this year, with a $25,000 prize offered by Nuance, the language-software company, for a program that could answer more than 90% of the questions correctly.
今年舉行了第一次官方Winograd模式挑戰，Nuance語言軟件公司為能夠答對90%以上問題的計算機程序提供25000美元的獎勵。
The best of them got just 58% right.
但表現最好的正確率也只有58%。
Though officially retired, MrWinograd continues writing and researching.
盡管正式退休了，Winograd仍在繼續寫作和研究活動。
One of his students is working on an application for Google Glass, a computer with a display mounted on eyeglasses.
他的一個學生在開發谷歌眼鏡的應用程序（一個顯示器安裝在眼鏡上的計算機）。
The app would help people withautismby reading the facial expressions of conversation partners and giving the wearer information about their emotional state.
該應用程序可以幫助孤獨癥患者通過閱讀談話對象的面部表情反饋給佩戴者對方的情緒狀態信息。
It would allow him to integratelinguistic and non-linguistic information in a way that people with autism find difficult, as do computers.
此程序可以將孤獨癥人群和計算機認為復雜的語言和非語言信息整合在一起。
Asked to trick some of the latest digital assistants, like Siri and Alexa, he asks them things like “Where can I find a nightclub my Methodistuncle would like?”,
談及整蠱時下最新的數字助理，如Siri和Alexa，他問數字助理以下問題，如：“我在哪里可以找我的衛理公會教派叔叔會喜歡的夜總會？”
which requires knowledge about both nightclubs (which such systems have) and Methodist uncles (which they don’t).
這需要了解夜總會的知識（系統包含）和衛理公會教派的叔叔（系統不包含）。
When he tried “Where did I leave my glasses?”, one of them came up with a link to a book of that name.
當他問“我把眼鏡放哪兒了？”其中一個彈出該書名的圖書鏈接。
None offered the obvious answer: “How would I know?”
二者都沒有給出明擺著的答案：“我怎么知道？”
英文文本來自經濟學人 譯文來自欄目二第五組
