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In July 2015 the ECX did, however, introduce electronic transactions, now used for almost all trades.
2015年7月，商品交易所引進了電子交易，然而現(xiàn)在幾乎使用到所有行業(yè)。
Bespoke software is built in-house by Ethiopian engineers.
定制的軟件是由埃塞俄比亞工程師制作出來。
Payments the day after purchase are guaranteed.
這個軟件是購買后的付款保證。
The ECX can also boast never to have seen a default, in a country known for suicides by indebted farmers whose buyers have welshed.
在一個農(nóng)民因逃避負債而選擇自殺的國度里，這個軟件被吹噓從沒有見過一個拖欠款項的。
Ethiopia has shown that it is possible for an exchange to prompt the physical infrastructure of commodity's markets: the ECX oversaw a burst in warehouse construction.
埃塞俄比亞已經(jīng)表明作為交換促進商品市場的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)可能是：交易所去監(jiān)督倉庫建設(shè)。
Fledgling exchanges dotted around Africa often visit Addis Ababa to study the ECX.
最初分布在非洲的交易所經(jīng)常去亞的斯亞貝巴學習埃塞俄比亞商品交易所。
But experts doubt it is a helpful model.
但專家們不能肯定這是不是一個有用的模板。
The government made it viable by mandating that almost all trade in coffee and some other commodities go through the exchange.
政府通過強制幾乎所有咖啡豆和一些其他商品的交易使其變得可行。
This might not be possible elsewhere.
這可能不能在別處實現(xiàn)。
A monopoly imposed by fiat makes it more like a state marketing board than an exchange, says Thomas Jayne, an economist at Michigan State University.
密歇根州立大學的經(jīng)濟學家Thomas Jayne說：因命令強制的壟斷使得交易所更像是國家的市場委員會。
Another model might be the Agricultural Commodity Exchange for Africa in Malawi, which was set up privately in 2006 at the request of an association of smallholder farmers.
另一個模板可能是在馬拉維的非洲農(nóng)產(chǎn)品交易所，該所是應(yīng)小農(nóng)協(xié)會的要求在2016年私下里成立的。
But its volumes remain low.
但它的規(guī)模很小。
And its concentration on staple foods such as maize and soya leaves it vulnerable to the sort of government interventions that can sink exchanges.
并且它的交易主要集中在基本的食物如玉米和大豆，這使其易受到政府破壞交易性的干涉。
Trading in staples tends to be politically sensitive in times of food scarcity.
在食物短缺期，必需食物的買賣往往具有政治敏感性。
Setting up national exchanges may be the wrong approach.
建立國有的交易所可能是錯誤的做法。
The Johannesburg Stock Exchange plans to introduce a regional contract for Zambian white maize later this year.
約翰內(nèi)斯堡證券交易所計劃在今年晚些時候為贊比亞白玉米引入?yún)^(qū)域性合同。
For lucrative export crops like coffee, well-established offshore exchanges may make more sense than starting from scratch at home.
對于利潤豐厚的出口作物如咖啡豆，選擇久享盛譽的海外交易所可能比從零開始的本土交易所更明智。
Better a functioning exchange somewhere else than a disappointing one on the doorstep.
其他地方正常運營的交易所好過門前讓人失望的。
考研英語時事閱讀
