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Listen to part of a lecture in an art history class.
請聽藝術史課上的部分內容。
I am sure you’ve all been to museum, where you’ve seen beautiful white marble statues sculpted by the Greeks and Romans,
我相信你們都去過博物館，都在那兒看見過由希臘人和羅馬人雕刻的美麗的白色大理石雕塑，
or at least that you’ve seen photos of such statues, right?
或者至少看見過那些雕塑的照片，對嗎？
We’ve come to expect these classical Greek and Roman statues to be monochrome, just one color, white skin, white hair, white eyes, white everything,
我們往往認為這些經典的希臘羅馬雕塑是單色的，只有一種顏色，白色的皮膚、白色的頭發、白色的眼睛，所有的東西都是白色的，
the natural color of the marble they’re carved from.
都是它們的原材料大理石的天然顏色。
Now, the idea of plain white sculpture goes back to the 15th century Europe when Renaissance artists rediscovered ancient Greek and Roman culture.
這種簡單白色雕塑的想法可以追溯到15世紀的歐洲，那時文藝復興藝術家們重新發現了古希臘羅馬文化。
They were inspired by sculptures that appeared monochrome so they created white marble statues.
他們受到了那些看起來只有單色的雕塑的啟發，于是他們創作出了白色的大理石雕塑。
The impact of these Renaissance statues, such as Michelangelo’s David, gave rise to new standards for sculpture, standards that emphasized form rather than color.
這些文藝復興時期的雕塑，比如米開朗琪羅的大衛雕像的影響帶來了雕塑的新標準，這些標準強調的是形式而不是顏色。
But what if many of those ancient statues were originally polychrome, colored from head to toe?
但是萬一這些古代的雕塑中很多原本都是多色的呢？萬一它們從頭到腳都上了色呢？
Early in the 19th century, archaeologists found traces of paint on ancient sculptures and since then,
在19世紀早期，考古學家在古代雕塑上發現了顏料的痕跡，自那以后，
classical art historians have begun to realize that Greek and Roman marble sculptures were originally colored.
經典藝術史學家就開始意識到，希臘羅馬大理石雕塑原本是上了色的。
Even if an ancient marble statue doesn’t have any visible traces of paint, that does not mean it was originally monochrome.
即使一個古代大理石雕塑沒有任何可見的顏料痕跡，也不能說明它原本就是單色的。
In many cases, the pigment would’ve simply deteriorated.
在很多情況下，顏料只是磨損了。
Ancient artists used mineral-based paints with organic binding media that would’ve disintegrated on its own over time.
古代藝術家使用的是以有機粘合劑和礦物質制成的顏料，這種顏料經過時間的推移會自行脫落。
