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So I don't really take comfort in the successes they have had with transplantation.
所以，對于他們在移植方面取得的成功，我并沒有感到寬慰。
Perhaps more constructive use of our time could be spent at researching corals that do survive, like in areas known as refugia.
也許花些時間在研究存活下來的珊瑚上會更有建設性，像是在所謂的幸存區的珊瑚。
Refugia are areas on the reef that are seemingly, well resistant to bleaching.
幸存區是珊瑚礁上的一些區域，似乎具有對漂白的抵抗力。
See, when coral reefs experience bleaching, it's rarely a case of the whole reef being affected.
當珊瑚礁在漂白時，整個珊瑚礁都受影響是非常罕見的案例。
There are almost always pockets of coral on the reefs that remain unaffected.
珊瑚礁上總有小片的珊瑚不受影響。
And these are often the lower areas of the reef, those located in deeper water, where temperatures are lower.
不受影響的珊瑚通常處于珊瑚礁低處，即在溫度更低的深水域處。
Now, we have evidence that corals in these locations are able to escape the destructive bleaching that affects portions of the reef in shallower, warmer water.
我們有證據顯示，在這些位置的珊瑚能躲過破壞性漂白這一劫，但在更淺水處，水溫更高處生長的珊瑚則會受到影響。
So in my mind, it's these refugia that are the key components of overall reef resilience.
所以我認為，這片幸存區正是整個珊瑚礁恢復力的關鍵組成部分。
These should be the area of concentration for researchers to locate and protect those regions as a way to sustain coral reefs.
研究人員應該集中精力定位并保護這些區域，這是維持珊瑚礁的一種方法。
And we can also protect the reefs by protecting the surrounding ecosystems, like mangrove forests and sea grass beds.
我們還能通過保護周邊的生態系統來保護珊瑚礁，像是紅樹林和海草叢。
Both of these grow in coastal waters, often in the vicinity of coral reefs.
這兩種植物都長在沿海水域，珊瑚礁附近。
By protecting these areas, we also protect the coral.
保護這些區域，我們也就保護了珊瑚。
Let's take, for example, the mangrove forests.
以紅樹林為例。
Mangrove root systems have the ability to absorb and, well, trap sediments and pollutants in water that flows through them before they enter the ocean.
紅樹林的根系能水流經時吸收保留其中沉積物和污染物，之后再流進海洋。
This of course has beneficial results for the nearby coral reefs.
這當然對附近的珊瑚礁來說是有利的。
And fishery's management is another key strategy.
還有漁業管理也是一個重要策略。
Overfishing can be seriously disruptive to coral.
過度捕撈對珊瑚來說是極具破壞力的。
Let me give you a couple of examples.
讓我舉幾個例子。
Overfishing certain species of fish and shellfish like snappers, barracudas and even lobsters...
過度捕撈一些特定的魚類和貝殼類，像是鯛魚、梭魚，甚至是龍蝦……
Well, all of these creatures feed on snails, worms and other organisms that eat coral, so depleting the number of lobsters, for example, means that we are adding to the threat of coral decline.
所有這些生物都以蝸牛、蟲子及其它吃珊瑚的生物為食的，所以龍蝦的數量大大減少就意味著珊瑚又多了一分衰落的危險。
Sea urchins are another example.
另一個例子是海膽。
They eat algae and prevent it from overwhelming the coral.
海膽是吃藻類的，防止藻類覆蓋珊瑚。
Since the disappearance of sea urchins from the waters up the coast of South Florida, many coral reefs there have been smothered by the uncontrolled growth of algae.
自從海膽由南佛羅里達靠岸水域消失以來，藻類不受控制地大量增長，很多珊瑚礁因此窒息而死。
