Da Vinci-Observation
觀察
To paint a character from the Bible, for an old man, a beggar, or a shepherd, he would go to the public square and the drinking dens, where he would be mostlikely to meet such persons. And he would draw a type or an animal from observation a hundred times before turning to his picture to fix it there for all time. He is said to have brought home peasants from the market and got them drunk in order to draw them. At the same time he was looking for laws; while studying the facial traits, he recorded the transitions in the closing and opening of the eyelid, the wrinkling of the nose, the pouting of the lips, in laughing, sneezing, yawning, cramps, perspiration, weariness, hunger-always he looked for the cause behind the expression which he was painting.
為了畫好取自《圣經》的人物,老人、乞丐,或是牧羊人,達·芬奇總跑到那些公共廣場和酒吧去。他在那里大概可以遇見這類人物。他總是把觀察到的人物或動物畫個上百次,才永久地固定在畫布上。據說他為了畫農民,曾把集市上的農民帶到家里,讓他們喝醉,再作畫。同時,達·芬奇也在尋找規律。他在研究面部特征時,便記錄眼瞼開合、鼻子折皺、撅嘴、大笑、打噴嚏、打呵欠、痙攣、流汗、疲倦、饑餓等時候的過度變化——達·芬奇總是在探究被他描畫的表情背后的原因。