評論
打印
Narrator:Listen to part of a discussion in an art history class.
獨白:聽下面藝術史課上的討論。
All right, let's continue our discussion of portrait artists(portraitist) and portraiture.
好的，我們繼續我們關于肖像藝術家的討論。
Who remembers any of the important points we made last time? Sandra?
誰記得上次課討論過的要點？桑德拉？
Well, artists have done portraits of people for centuries, of famous people and regular people, and most portraits convey the artists' personal vision, like their feelings and insights about a person.
嗯，肖像藝術家存在了好幾個世紀，他們一直為平常人或者名人繪制或雕刻肖像，當然大部分肖像藝術家表達的是藝術家自己的看法，比如他們自己對描繪對象的感覺、洞見等。
Great, that's a crucial point, and I'd like to explore that a little today.
很棒！這一點非常關鍵！今天我想在這一個問題上多談幾句。
A great example of that, that vision in portraiture, is Cecilia Beaux.
關于肖像藝術家自己的世界觀的很好的例子，當屬西西莉亞?伯芝。
Cecilia Beaux was born in 1854, and after learning to paint and studying with several important artists of the time, Beaux became known as one of the best portrait painters in the United States.
西西莉亞·伯芝生于1854年，經過一段時間在幾位當時重要的畫家門下學習和研究繪畫之后，伯芝成為當時美國最有名的肖像畫家。
She was very successful.
她非常成功，
She even had portraits of the wife and children of Theodore Roosevelt, while he was president.
甚至為還是總統的西奧多·羅斯福及其夫人和孩子繪制了肖像。
Some did not get much more prestige than that.
肖像畫家們能夠獲得的最高榮譽，也就莫過于此了。
Now, those portraits also reflect the kind of subjects that Beaux tended to use, which were mostly women and children.
現在的肖像畫家的作品也反應出當時伯芝慣用的一些描繪對象，主要是婦女和兒童。
For example, in her first major work, her subjects were ..., the painting featured her sister and her nephew. Yes, Mark?
譬如，伯芝的第一幅大作，她的描繪對象就是她的妹妹和侄子。嗯，馬克？
Yeah, it just seems interesting.
嗯，這看上去確實有趣。
I was wondering if that was unusual to have a portrait artist who is a woman become so well-known and successful in the 19th century.
我想問問，是不是像伯芝這種在 19 世紀成功的女性肖像畫家非常罕見？
Great question.
問的不錯！
Yeah, she really stood out back in the 1800s.
是的，她是在 19 世紀成名的，
And today, she is still considered one of the greatest portrait painters of her time, male or female.
但到今天她依然被看做是那個時代最偉大的肖像畫家，無論男女。
In fact, she was the first full-time female instructor at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, and she was a full member of the National Academy of Design.
實際上，她還是賓夕法尼亞大學美術研究院的第一位全職導師，并且是國家設計院的全職研究員。
These are pretty important institutions, so, yeah, she definitely made headway for women artists.
這些機構的地位都是很高的，所以，嗯，她當然是女性藝術家中的領頭羊。
Ok, so let's look at one of her portraits now, this painting is called The Dreamer.
好的，現在我們回到她的作品上來。這幅畫叫做“做夢的人”，
It is one of my favorites.
它是我最喜歡的作品之一。
And I think it is especially characteristic of Beaux's work.
并且我認為它在伯芝的作品中非常具有代表性。
So what you see here is a portrait of a close friend of Cecilia Beaux.
你們在這幅畫中看到的是伯芝的一位密友。
So tell me what's the first thing that draws you to this painting? What catches your eye first.
現在，你們說說這幅畫最能吸引你們的地方在哪兒？
Well, for me, it is her face and hands, I think they are really expressive, and also, they make the woman seem very contemplative, seems like she is thinking pretty seriously about something.
對我來說，我覺得是她的手和臉，我覺得這兩個地方描繪的非常具有表現力，并且使得這位女性栩栩如生，使得我們感覺她在思考一個非常嚴肅的事情。
Yeah, her eyes kind of draw you in. But what strikes me is the contrasting colors, the white dress and the dark background.
嗯，她的眼睛的確非常吸引人！但這幅畫最吸引我的，是它的光影對比:白色的外衣，黑色的背景。
It kind of reminds me of that painting we discussed a few weeks ago, by ...eh... John Singer Sargent.
它不禁讓我想到了幾周之前我們討論過的一幅作品，那幅畫的作者叫，嗯，叫…約翰·思格·薩金特，
I think it was called MadameX?
畫的名字叫做 X 女士？
I agree, good point.
很好！非常不錯！
Yes, Beaux had high regard for Sargent's work.
是的，伯芝對薩金特作品的評價非常的高。
And this is something, a technique you will find in both of their work.
并且，這種繪畫技巧，你們可以在這兩人的畫作中同時找到。
Ok, but the painting is called The Dreamer.
好的，但我們討論的這幅作品的名字叫做“做夢的人”，
What do you see is dreamlike about it?
你們覺得這幅畫到底什么地方符合這個名字的意義？
Well, the background behind the woman is pretty vague.
嗯，這幅畫的背景，即女士身后的景象，非常的模糊，
Like, maybe there is no real context, like no definite surroundings, especially compared to the woman herself, since she is so clear and well-defined.
似乎并不存在一個真實的背景，明確的環境，尤其是和這位栩栩如生的女士相比，因為她的形象即清晰且突出。
Yes, the unclear background definitely contributes to that dreaminess. It is meant to show a sense of isolation I think.
是的，正是這種模糊的背景在塑造一個夢的意境。我認為，它是要表現一種孤獨的感覺，
With the woman is deep in a daydream and not really aware of anything else.
表達一位獨處的女性白日做夢，并且她對周圍的環境似乎不聞不問，沒有感覺。
This painting shows how insightful Cecilia Beaux was as a portrait artist.
這幅畫表明了伯芝作為一名肖像畫家的深刻洞察力。
Besides her excellent technical skills, like her use of brush strokes and color to make an impression, both respectives come through.
外加上她筆道、色彩等方面卓然不群的技法，這幅畫在這兩個方面非常出色。
Her portraits reveal her own interpretation of her subject's state of mind.
她的繪畫反應了她自己的精神狀態，
This is what it is all about, not just likenesses.
而不只是做到了外表的神似。
Now, the undefined background also shows how Cecilia Beaux was influenced by the French Impressionists, who believed, like Beaux, in a personal rather than conventional approach to their subject matter.
同時，這幅畫模棱兩可的背景表明了西西莉亞受到了法國印象派畫家的影響。印象派畫家尊奉人物為繪畫的主題，與傳統的主張相悖。
Beaux used some impressionist techniques and share much of their philosophy, but her style, it was all her own.
伯芝借鑒了一些印象派的技法和繪畫哲學，但她的風格，卻是屬于她自己的獨創。
