5. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors available for unfamiliar and emergency signals such as the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.
【分析】復合句。句子主干為 The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors available。其中 it 為形式賓語,不定式結構 to keep smell receptors available 才是真正的賓語,best 為賓語補足語;such as... 用于舉例,補充說明 unfamiliar and emergency signals;which 引導的定語從句修飾 the smell of smoke。
【譯文】 大腦發現最好讓氣味感受器隨時用于接收陌生的和危急的信號,比如可能暗示火災危險的煙味。
2004年
1. Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes commited young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence.
【分析】簡單句。句子主干為 Many theories...focus either on the individual or on society。concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency 是分詞短語作后置定語,修飾 theories;括號內的成分是 juvenile delinquency 的同位語,對其進行解釋; as the major contributing influence為賓語補足語。
【譯文】 很多關于青少年犯罪(低齡人群犯罪)原因的理論要么強調個人要么的強調社會是導致犯罪的主要原因。
【點撥】1) juvenile 既是名詞“青少年”,也是形容詞“青少年的;年幼無知的”。2) commit“委托,托付;犯罪,承諾,做...事”。3) influence 原意為“影響;作用”,本句中意為“影響因素”。