PROGRAMME 37
第一部分對對話:起早
有一對年輕夫婦,男的叫Chris,女的叫Kerry。這一天早上,他們需要提前起床。(鬧鐘響了)
Dialogue 1
英語情景對話1
KERRY:(打哈欠) Ohhh!!! Turn it off! Turn it off! It's far too early to get up!
CHRIS:(嘟嚷)I know…but I have to get up.
KERRY: What! This early?!
CHRIS: Yes.Don't you remember? I have to get up early today. I have to be at work by seven thirty.
Dialogue 2
英語情景對話2
他們臨走以前,還得把門鎖好。
CHRIS: Kerry! Hurry up! What are you doing?
KERRY: I'm trying to lock the door…
CHRIS: Come on!
KERRY: I have to lock it, don't I?
CHRIS: No! Leave it! I've got to go!
(汽車發動起來,急速駛去。)
KERRY: Wait for me!
(汽車沒走多遠,停了下來。)
CHRIS: Come on…hurry up…
Dialogue 3
英語情景對話3
Chris是工廠里的安全員。他提前來到工廠是為了接待政府派來的檢查員(government inspector)。檢查員對Chris說工人必須遵守安全制度。
INSPECTOR: A lot of the men didn't have their ear muffs on!
CHRIS: Yes, it's a problem…They know they have to wear them. They know it's a safety regulation.
INSPECTOR: But they won't wear them... Is that the problem?
CHRIS: That’s right...They just won't wear them.
INSPECTOR: Well, you've got to educate them...Tell them about safety!
此外,廣播里還有幾段對話。Chris和Kerry要到鄉下去度周末,臨走以前,他們有一段對話。他們到了鄉下以后,在一家飯館里吃飯的時候,忽然想起有一件事忘了做,一件什么事呢?請你仔細聽。
第二部分:英語詞匯表達
ear muffs 耳罩
a regulation 規章,制度
safety 安全
check 檢查
educate 教育
lock 鎖
lock the door 鎖門
lock the windows 把窗戶上的插銷插好
wear 穿
Come on! 快來呀!
have another look 再看一遍
have their ear muffs on 戴耳罩
Hurry up! 快點兒!
I've got a terrible feeling 我有一種可怕的感覺
I've got to go 我得走了
Leave it! 就那樣吧!
Oh no! 哎喲,是嗎?(相當于Oh,don't tell me that! 表示不希望聽到對方剛才說的話。)
That's the trouble 問題就在這里
There was something else they had to do 他們當時還有一件事需要做
What do you mean he's still there? 你說他還在那兒,是什么意思?
What! This early?! 什么!這么早(就起床)?!
第三部分:課程
HOW TO TALK ABOUT THINGS YOU HAVE TO DO怎樣表示不得不做某件事
表示不得不做某件事,通常有三種說法:
一個是have to;另一個是have got to,這個說法比第一個說法更為口語化;還有一個是must,這個說法比較正式,不如前兩個說法來得自然,而且還有其他含義。
1.HAVE TO現在時:
I have to help my brother.
He has to do an exam,
在疑問句(表示“有必要……嗎?”)和否定句(表示“沒有必要……”)中,助動詞用do。例如:
Do I have to wear a tie?
Does Kerry have to get up early?
I don't have to go to that meeting, do I?
將來時:
You'll have to be more careful (in future).
過去時:
I had to go to the bank yesterday.
注意:
在這個短語中,to里面的t是個清輔音。在說得快的時候,前面那個詞里的濁輔音往往也變為清輔音。
Have to,has to, had to往往讀作:
have to…
has to…
had to…
to用于動詞前面不重讀,但若用于句尾,則要重讀。
I have to go.
Why are you doing that?
Because I have to
2.HAVE GOT TO
I've got to go.
My wife's got to see the dentist.
Have you got to clean the house?
- Yes,I have.
注意:
這個說法只用于現在時。表示過去要用had to。表示將來,可以用will have to.也可以用have got to。
Have got to比較口語化。在肯定句里,have往往簡化為've,'has往往簡化為's。(說得快的時候,'ve可能就聽不出來了,got to里面的兩個t音也要合在一起。)
3.MUST
You must be here by 9.00 a.m.
I must fly.
注意:
Must這個詞,既可以表示現在,也可以表示將來。在這一點上,它與have got to是一樣的。
Must比have to更為正式,在日常會話里用得較少。
在口常會話里使用must時,語氣往往是比較強的。在上兩第一個例子里,must…詞可以霞讀。
Must 一詞還用于若干固定短語,例如,I must-fly, I must be going,I must be off,意思都是:我該走了。
Must沒有過去式。表示過去,要用had to。
第四部分:背景資料
工廠里的安全制度
澳大利亞的工廠里都訂有安全制度,以防發生事故。機器上裝有安全罩。工人呢,根據各工廠的不同情況,有的要戴耳罩以保護聽力,有的要戴風鏡以保護眼睛,有的要戴安全帽以保護頭部。
為了提醒工人遵守安全制度,有的工廠還貼了宣傳畫,暗看下面這兩張。