英語單詞后面加了”s”或”es”后，這個單詞的發(fā)音會有什么變化？是不是就是千篇一律在這個單詞原有的發(fā)音后面加一個/s/的音嗎？其實(shí)并不這么簡單，但也不難。學(xué)習(xí)正確掌握英語單詞后面加了”s”或”es”后的發(fā)音，能提高你的發(fā)音質(zhì)量，同時也能幫助你更流利地說英語。

單詞后加“s” 或“es”后的正確發(fā)音有以下5種情況：

1. 如果單詞的最后一個音是/s/，//，/t/，/z/，/d/，那么在該單詞后加“es”或“s”后，該“es”會“s”讀作/iz/。如：
kisses buses washes pushes matches churches
boxes mixes liz's houses pages oranges

2. 如果單詞的最后一個音是不發(fā)音的輔音： /p/，/k/，/f/，那么在該單詞后加“s”后，該“s”會讀作/s/。如：
books speaks likes stops stamps takes

3. 如果單詞的最后一個音是發(fā)音的輔音：/b/，/g/，/v/，/l/，/m/，/n/，/r/，/ŋ/，或者是元音，那么在該單詞后加“s”后，該“s”會讀作/z/。如：
pens bags learns couples rooms cars

4. 如果單詞的最后一個音是/t/，/θ/，那么在該單詞后加“s”后，會讀作/ts/。 如：
cats pets rats peanuts secrets months

5. 如果單詞的最后一個音是/d/，那么在該單詞后加“s”后，會讀作/dz/。如：
friends reads floods words boards ends

請注意：以上4到5點(diǎn)發(fā)音我們專門在第21課里講到，/ts/和/dz/的發(fā)音。

唇舌訓(xùn)練：
She walks into the office in her pink dress. /s/
The bank opens at nine o'clock on weekdays. /z/
The supermarket closes at half past two on Sundays. /iz/
He goes to bed at ten o'clock. /z/
She gets up at about 8 o’clock. /ts/
Her plane arrives at two fifteen this afternoon. /z/
The program finishes at about eleven thirty. /iz/
Jenny reads English every morning before her breakfast. /dz/
It takes me two hours to make it up. /s/
The train leaves at about eleven o’clock. /z/
My sister watches TV every night. /iz/
The color matches your skin perfectly. /iz/
My daughter likes singing and dancing. /s/
The car stops just right after him. /s/
She never washes her own laundry. /iz/
Tina begins to learn to trust people. /z/
The presentation ends in 2 hours. /dz/
She writes journal every day to practice her English. /ts/
Franklin sings an English song along with his mom. /z/

發(fā)音與朗讀訓(xùn)練
（在做以下朗讀練習(xí)時，請注意黑體單詞中畫線字母的發(fā)音）
Forgiveness 寬恕之美
The practice of forgiveness can play an important role in your relationships with others.
/s/ /z/
寬恕的行為在你和他人的關(guān)系中起著非常重要的作用。

Forgiveness will enable you to correct distortions in your relationships
/z/ /s/
寬恕使你能夠糾正一段曲解的關(guān)系，

and to improve the quality, intensity, and meaningfulness of relationships.
/s/
提高人際關(guān)系的質(zhì)量，改善緊張的人際關(guān)系，同時讓這種關(guān)系更有意義。

It means letting go of past resentments toward others
/z/ /ts/ /z/
寬恕意味著忘卻過去對他人的一段怨恨，

so that you can experience them in the present.

反之與他們共處現(xiàn)在。

Even if you do not "feel" like forgiving someone,

盡管你還不是很情愿去寬恕某人，

forgiving him or her will release you from the hold of the past

但寬恕他或她能幫助你走出過去的陰影，

and allow you to experience the world in a new way.

并讓你以一種嶄新的方式體驗這個世界。

To forgive is to step outside the vicious circle of interpretation,

去寬恕就是去擺脫不愉快的經(jīng)歷，

where concepts from the past dominate experience,
/ts/
擺脫一直糾纏著你的過去，

and to begin to live in terms of a larger, more worthy purpose.
/z/
并且以一種更博大，更充實(shí)的胸懷開始新的生活。

Forgiveness eliminates fear and anxiety, weakness and vulnerability
/ts/
寬恕能夠削除恐懼，焦慮，無助以及脆弱。