評(píng)論
打印
With one year remaining before the deadline for the Millennium Development Goals, we must review the significant progress made in responding to HIV and AIDS and consider the challenges that lie ahead to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030.
距離實(shí)現(xiàn)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)的最后期限只剩下一年時(shí)間，我們此刻應(yīng)當(dāng)回顧在防治艾滋病毒和艾滋病方面取得的長(zhǎng)足進(jìn)展，思考橫亙?cè)谇胺降姆N種挑戰(zhàn)，從而在2030年以前終結(jié)艾滋病疫情。
As one of six founding cosponsors of UNAIDS, UNESCO has been working for over two decades to support countries in strengthening the education sector response to HIV and AIDS, to provide young people with gender-sensitive, age-appropriate education about their sexual and reproductive health.
作為聯(lián)合國(guó)艾滋病規(guī)劃署的六個(gè)共同發(fā)起機(jī)構(gòu)之一，教科文組織二十多年來(lái)始終致力于支持各國(guó)加強(qiáng)教育部門(mén)應(yīng)對(duì)艾滋病毒和艾滋病的工作，為青年人提供注重性別平等且與其年齡相適宜的性健康和生殖健康教育。
Both the epidemic and response have evolved considerably over this time. Today, with the expansion of treatment and prevention, AIDS-related deaths have fallen by 35 percent since 2005 and by 19 percent in the past three years. We have been able to sharpen the focus of our action – to do more than keep children affected by HIV in school, to realise their right to the education they need to make informed, accurate decisions about their sexual and reproductive health.
無(wú)論是這一疫情還是防治措施，隨著斗轉(zhuǎn)星移，都有了相當(dāng)大的發(fā)展變化。如今，治療和預(yù)防工作的范圍已經(jīng)擴(kuò)大，艾滋病致死率自2005年以來(lái)下降了35%，過(guò)去三年里下降了19%。我們已能夠突出行動(dòng)重點(diǎn)，即不僅讓受到艾滋病毒影響的兒童留在學(xué)校里，還要實(shí)現(xiàn)他們所需要的受教育權(quán)，使其能夠就自己的性健康和生殖健康問(wèn)題做出正確無(wú)誤的知情決定。
The global AIDS response is having a significant impact, because it is evidence-based and it targets the needs of those most-at-risk. This has had a transformative effect on the way that countries have responded to such issues as discrimination and violence, based on sexual orientation and gender identity – behaviours resulting in higher risk and vulnerability to HIV are also now discussed more openly and recognized as barriers to both public health and human rights.
全球防治艾滋病工作由于以證據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)，以風(fēng)險(xiǎn)最大的群體為目標(biāo)，目前正在產(chǎn)生重大影響。這對(duì)各國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)基于性取向和性別認(rèn)同的歧視和暴力等問(wèn)題的方法具有革命性效果--現(xiàn)在人們更加公開(kāi)地談?wù)撃切┘觿「腥景滩《镜娘L(fēng)險(xiǎn)和可能性的行為，并承認(rèn)它們是有礙公眾健康和人權(quán)的障礙。
This is a key lesson of the global AIDS response, as well as one of the most challenging to implement – for HIV and other health issues. As Dr David Nabarro, the United Nations System Senior Coordinator for the Ebola Virus Disease, said before the UNESCO Executive Board in October 2014, a key challenge to containing the current Ebola outbreak has been to “get the message right” and “avoid communities being stigmatized and excluded.” The Ebola outbreak has shown the importance of providing clear and scientifically accurate messages to counter stigma and discrimination against those most affected – this must be a core component of any infectious disease response.
這是全球防治艾滋病工作的一條重要經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對(duì)艾滋病毒及其他健康問(wèn)題而言，也是實(shí)施起來(lái)最具挑戰(zhàn)性的一條經(jīng)驗(yàn)。正如聯(lián)合國(guó)系統(tǒng)埃博拉病毒問(wèn)題高級(jí)協(xié)調(diào)員戴維·納巴羅博士2014年10月對(duì)教科文組織執(zhí)行局所言，遏制目前這場(chǎng)埃博拉大爆發(fā)的主要挑戰(zhàn)，是如何“傳遞正確的信息”，“避免某些社群遭到鄙視和排斥”。埃博拉大爆發(fā)顯示出提供科學(xué)上準(zhǔn)確、清晰的信息對(duì)于反擊針對(duì)受影響最大者的鄙視和歧視的重要性--這必須成為任何傳染病防治工作的一個(gè)核心部分。
Despite progress and lessons learned, the Millennium Development Goals to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases remains unfinished business, and our ability to reach the new goal of ending AIDS by 2030 will be determined in part by our ability to overcome the stigma and discrimination that prevents us from reaching those left behind. Adolescents (age 10-19), especially those most vulnerable to HIV infection, still face barriers in accessing sexual and reproductive health education and services. Globally, 15 percent of all women living with HIV are young women between 15 and 24 years old – 80 percent of them live in sub-Saharan Africa.
盡管有所進(jìn)展并汲取了經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，但防治艾滋病毒/艾滋病、瘧疾和其他疾病的千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)依然屬于未竟事業(yè)，我們能否在2030年前達(dá)到消滅艾滋病的新目標(biāo)，在一定程度上取決于我們戰(zhàn)勝阻礙我們向落后者伸出援手的那些鄙視和歧視的能力。青少年（10—19歲），特別是那些最容易感染艾滋病毒的青少年，在獲取性健康和生殖健康教育與服務(wù)方面仍然障礙重重。從全球看，在感染艾滋病毒的所有婦女中，15%是15至24歲的青年婦女--其中80%居住在撒哈拉以南非洲地區(qū)。
We can take considerable pride in the progress achieved across the world in response to AIDS, and this gives us encouragement to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. However, caution is required along with confidence – if the HIV epidemic can end within a generation, it can also resurge within a generation, if we fail to keep up and expand the actions proven to get ahead of it.
世界各地在防治艾滋病方面取得的進(jìn)展令我們倍感驕傲，激勵(lì)著我們?cè)?030年以前終結(jié)艾滋病疫情。然而，我們既要充滿信心，也要謹(jǐn)慎從事，因?yàn)榧词拱滩《疽咔槟茉谝淮藘?nèi)終結(jié)，可如果我們不能堅(jiān)持不懈地開(kāi)展并擴(kuò)大那些經(jīng)實(shí)踐證明行之有效的行動(dòng)，它也可能在一代人內(nèi)死灰復(fù)燃。
